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DĀNEŠ, TAQĪ (b. Tabrīz, 1278 Š./1861, d. Tehran 5 Esfand 1327 Š./24 February 1948), poet and govern­ment official. His father, Mīrzā Ḥosayn Wazīr-e Tafrešī, also known as Bolūr (crystal), was a govern­ment accountant (mostawfī) and official of the private quarters at the court of Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah (1264­-1313/1848-96). The young Dāneš…

DĀNEŠ-NĀMA-YE ʿALĀʾĪ, Persian philosophical treatise written by Avicenna (370-428/980-1037). No title is mentioned in the book, but ʿAbd-al-Wāḥed Jūzjānī, a student of Avicenna’s who edited and amended the text, gave it the title Dāneš-nāma. The work has also been called Dāneš-nāma-ye ʿalāʾīya, Ḥekmat-e ʿalāʾī or ʿalāʾīya, al-Ketāb al-ʿalāʾī, Oṣūl wa…

DĀNEŠ-NĀMA-YE ĪRĀN WA ESLĀM (Encyclopedia of Iran and Islam). In 1348 Š./1969 Bongāh-­e tarjoma wa našr-e ketāb (q.v.; Institute for translation and publication) considered publishing a Persian trans­lation of the second edition of the The Encyclopaedia of Islam. But, as the treatment of Iranian-speaking lands in that reference work was…

DĀNEŠ-NĀMA-YE QADAR KHAN (Book of knowledge [dedicated to] Qadar Khan), a Persian dictionary compiled by Ašrāf b. Šaraf Moḏakker Fārūḡī primarily in Malwa, India, and completed on 21 Ḏu’l-ḥejja 807/20 June 1405. It was dedicated to Qadar Khan, a son of Delāvar Khan Ḡūrī, ruler of Malwa (794-809/1392-1405). Ašrāf came…

DĀNESF(AH)ĀN, locally Donesbon, a village located at 49°45′ E, 35°47′ N in the southern part of the Rāmand district of Qazvīn province, 30 km west and slightly north of Būyīn; it has a population of a little over 3,000 (3,074, according to the census of 1345 Š./1966; Farhang-e ābādīhā-ye kešvar…

DANESHVAR, REZA (رضا دانشور, Moḥammad Reżā Dānešvar Tehrānizāda, b. Mashhad, 22 January 1948; d. Paris, 27 May 2015; Figure 1), fiction writer and playwright. LIFE Reza Daneshvar was born to Amir Ḥosayn Dānešvar Tehrānizāda and Eṣmat Ḵāleqi Tarāzuči, a middle-class family. After finishing primary school, he continued his high school…

DĀNEŠKADA, amonthly literary journal published from Ṯawr 1297/April 1918 to Ṯawr 1298/April 1919 in Tehran by the distinguished poet, literary critic, and scholar Moḥammad-Taqi Malek-al-Šoʿarāʾ Bahār, considered the leading Persian literary figure of his time. It was named for a literary society founded by Bahār a year earlier, which included…

DĀNEŠKADA-YEEṢFAHĀN, a monthly literary journal and the organ of a society of the same name, published in two series in Isfahan by the poet and calligrapher Mirzā ʿAbbās Khan Dehkordi Šeydā (1299/1882-1328 Š./1949), who, in 1908, also published Baladiya-ye Eṣfahān (see Baladīya). The first series ran in seven issues from…

DĀNEŠMAND, Amir Ḡāzī Taylu Gümüš-tigin Aḥmad (or Moḥammad) Dānešmand (d. 498/1104), founder of a Turkman dynasty in northern Cappadocia toward the end of the 11th century. The name Dānešmand appears with some variations in Byzan­tine, European, and Syriac sources (e.g., Anna Comnena, II, p. 111; William of Tyre, Historia Rerum…