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BĀḴTAR, designation of the “west” in Modern Persian, but its Pahlavi equivalent abāxtar means “north,” probably borrowed from Parthian (cf. Man. Parth. abāxtar, see M. Boyce, A Reader in Manichean Middle Persian and Parthian, pp. 115-16); the Manichean Middle Persian word for “north” is abarag (ibid., pp. 62, 65, text…

BĀḴTAR, the name of (1) a Persian educational magazine published at Isfahan in 1312 Š./1933-1314 Š./1935 and (2) a Persian political newspaper published at Isfahan and Tehran from 1314 Š./1935 to 1324 Š./1945. (On the word bāḵtar see above.) (1) The educational magazine was launched at Isfahan in Āḏar, 1312…

BĀḴTAR-E EMRŪZ (Today’s West), daily evening newspaper published in Tehran from 8 Mordād 1328 to 28 Mordād 1332 Š./9 August 1949 to 19 August 1953. It was founded by its editor-publisher Ḥosayn Fāṭemī (1917-54), one of the principal associates of Dr. Moḥammad Moṣaddeq (q.v.) in the National Front (Jebha-ye Mellī;…

BAḴTĀVAR KHAN, MOḤAMMAD (1029?-96/1620?-85), historian and official at the court of the Mughal emperor Awrangzēb (1068-1118/1658-1707) and a patron of literature. A eunuch, he joined the service of Prince Awrangzēb in 1065/1654, initially as a presenter of petitions (ḵedmat-e ʿarāyeż); but during the war of succession between Awrangzēb and his…

BAḴTĪĀR, ABŪ ḤARB B. MOḤAMMAD, the patron of the poet Manūčehrī (d. 432/1040-41) who praised his bravery, nobility, magnanimity, learning, and eloquence in three qaṣīdas and one mosammaṭ on the occasion of the ancient Iranian festivals of Sada (Dīvān, pp. 21-22), Mehragān (pp. 90-95), and Nowrūz (pp. 114-16, 169-73). The…

BAḴTĪĀR, TEYMŪR, Iranian general born in 1914, the son of Sardār Moʿaẓẓam Baḵtīārī. At the age of fourteen, he was sent to Beirut where he studied at a French high school until he was nineteen. Upon graduation he was accepted at St. Cyr military academy, where he studied between 1930-35….

BAḴTĪĀR-NĀMA, an example of early New Persian prose fiction in the form of a frame story and nine included tales, the earliest version of which seems to be by Šams-al-Dīn Moḥammad Daqāyeqī Marvazī, the late 6th/12th-early 7th/13th-century author. The frame story is briefly as follows: King Āzādbaḵt of Nīmrūz (i.e.,…

BAḴTĪĀRĪ, the nesba of a number of Baḵtīārī chiefs in the 18th-20th centuries: Abu’l-Fatḥ Khan. See Abu’l-Fatḥ Khan Baḵtīārī. Ḥājī ʿAlīqolī Khan Sardār Asʿad. Ḡolām-Ḥosayn Khan Šehāb-al-Salṭana. Ḥosaynqolī Khan. Jaʿfarqolī Khan Sardār(-e) Asʿad III. Loṭf-ʿAlī Khan Šojāʿ-al-Solṭān. Moḥammad-Reżā Khan Sardār-e Fāteḥ. Moḥammad-Taqī Khan. Mortażāqolī Khan. Najafqolī Khan Ṣamṣām-al-Salṭana. Naṣīr Khan Ṣārem-al-Molk.   Ḥājī ʿAlīqolī Khan Sardār Asʿad, one of two military commanders who marched on Tehran, deposed Moḥammad-ʿAlī Shah,…

Search terms:  بختیاری bakhtiari  bakhtiaary  bakhtiyaree  

Baktiāri karnā title Baktiāri karnā genre/topic Mojassame language   performer   instrument Karnā, Dohol composer   author/poet   first line of poem   recorded by Paymān Bozorgniyā place of recording   date of recording   duration 1:13 source Regional Music of Iran. A Musical Anthology of Baktiāri tribe. Mahoor Institute…

BAḴTĪĀRĪ MOUNTAINS, central part of the Zagros mountain range, more or less identical to the settlement area of the Baḵtīārī nomads. The Baḵtīārī mountains, also known under the name Baḵtīārī-Zagros, cover an area limited by the following natural boundaries: The Sezār river, the northwestern tributary to the Dez river (see…

BAḴTĪĀRĪ TRIBE i. Ethnography. ii. The Baḵtīārī dialect. iii. Baḵtīārī carpets.   i. Ethnography Territory and way of life. The Baḵtīārī tribe (īl) is one of the two biggest in Iran, the other being the Qašqāʾī. In the 1970s, the Baḵtīārīs numbered in all approximately 600,000, and about one third…

BAḴTĪĀRĪS of AFGHANISTAN. Two small Paṧtō-speaking groups in the eastern part of the Irano-Afghan area bear the name Baḵtīārī or Baḵtīār. There is nothing in the scanty information about them to show that they have any connection with the Baḵtīārī tribes of the Zagros region, whose eastward spread under the…

Search terms:  بکتغدی baktoghdi    

BAKU (Pers. Bādkūba), capital city of the Republic of Azerbaijan [the former Azerbaijan SSR]  and one of the chief ports on the Caspian sea. i. General. ii. History, in the 19-20th centuries.   i. General Name and origin. The form Bākū, used both in literary Persian (see Dehḵodā) and in…