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BAHMAN-NĀMA, epic poem of about 9,500 lines recounting the adventures of Bahman son of Esfandīār (q.v.). The earliest mention of Bahman-nāma is in Mojmal al-tawārīḵ (ed. M.-T. Bahār, Tehran, 1318 Š./1939) which gives the author as Īrānšān b. Abi’l-Ḵayr (pp. 92, 463). The name is difficult to read and Bahār…

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BAHMANBEYGI, MOHAMMAD (Moḥammad Bahmanbeygi, b.  Čāh-kāẓemeh, near Firuzābād of Fārs, 26 Bahman 1300 Š./15 February 1922; d. Shiraz, 11 Ordibehešt 1389 Š./1 May 2010), educator, writer, and founder of tribal education in Iran (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3). He was born in the Bahmanbeyglu clan, a branch of the…

BAHMANID DYNASTY, a dynasty founded in 748/1347 in the Deccan (Sanskrit Dakṣiṇa, lit. right hand; Prakrit Dakkhin, lit. south; Persian Dakan), the table-land region in India situated south of the Narbadā River and the Vindhyāchal range and north of the Mysore Plateau and the Tungbhadra River, by ʿAlāʾ-al-Dīn Ḥasan Bahman…

BAHMANJANA (Arabicized form of Mid. Pers. Bahmanagān; forms such as Bahmaṇča or Bahmaṇčena are also found). Each day of the thirty-day months of the Zoroastrian calendar had its own name. The second day of the month was named Bahman’s day (Bahman-rūz). The eleventh month also bore Bahman’s name. Days which…

BAHMANŠĪR (less commonly Bahmešīr, Bahmānšīr, or Baḥr al-Mašīr), the name of the distributary which branches off the left bank of the Kārūn river in the Ḵūzestān plain a short distance above Ḵorramšahr, and of a dehestān near this town. Approximately 70 km (43.5 miles) long, the Bahmanšīr runs parallel with…

BAHMANYĀR, AḤMAD (DEHQĀN), scholar, educator, and man of letters, b. 1301/1884 in Kermān, d. 1334 Š./1955 in Tehran (Figure 1). Bahmanyār received his first education from his father Āqā Moḥammad-ʿAlī, himself a scholar, and from his brother. He soon became proficient in Arabic and Persian literature and at sixteen could…

BAHMANYĀR, KĪĀ RAʾĪS ABU’L-ḤASAN B. MARZBĀN AʿJAMĪ ĀḎARBĀYJĀNĪ (d. 458/1066), one of Ebn Sīnā’s pupils during his stay in Hamadān (405/1015-415/1024) and Isfahan (415/1024-428/1037). Very little is known about his life. Originally a Zoroastrian converted to Islam, his knowledge of Arabic was not perfect (ḡayr māher fī kalām al-ʿarab; see…

BAHMAʾĪ, a Lur tribe of the Kohgīlūya (Kūh[-e] Gīlūya). Until well into the second half of the 13th/19th century, it was one of the largest and most powerful tribes of the Behbahān region. According to Layard, who visited the Bahmaʾīs in 1840, they comprised some 3,000 families, and had a…

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BAḤR-AL-ʿOLŪM, SAYYED MOḤAMMAD MAHDĪ (1155/1742-1212/1797), a Shiʿite scholar who exercised great influence both in Iraq and in Iran through the numerous students he trained. He began his studies in Karbalā, first with his father, Sayyed Mortażā, a descendant of the Majlesī family, and then with Shaikh Yūsof Baḥrānī. Later he…

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Search terms:  بحرخوارزم bahr kharazm bahre e kharaazm  

BAḤR-E ṬAWĪL, a type of Persian verse generally consisting of the repetition of a whole foot (rokn) of the meter hazaj (ᴗ – – -) or of a whole foot of the meter ramal (- ᴗ – -) or of permissible variations of the two. The difference between baḥr-e ṭawīl…

Search terms:  بحرعمان bahr e oman   bahr e omaan