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BĀDA (Pahl. bātak), one of several terms used in Persian poetry to mean wine, and, by extension, any intoxicating liquor. Others are, in approximate order of frequency, mey, šarāb, ḵamr, and nabīḏ. In meaning they are virtually interchangeable, but they are metrically different. Their use by poets was governed more…

BADAḴŠĀN, the name of an area and modern province of northeastern Afghanistan, situated between the upper Amu Darya to the north, the Hindu Kush to the south, and the Kondūz river to the west. i. Geography and ethnography. ii. Modern province. iii. The name.   i. Geography and Ethnography Geographical…

BADAḴŠĀNI, Sayyed SOHRĀB WALI (سید سهراب ولی بدخشانی, fl. 9th/15th cent.), the most prominent Central Asian Nezāri Ismaʿili theologian and author of the early centuries after the fall of Alamut in 654/1256.  Few details are known about the life and career of Badaḵšāni, who flourished during the 9th/15th century.  He…

BADAḴŠĪ SAMARQANDĪ, the poet laureate (malek-al-šoʿarāʾ) of the Timurid Mīrzā Uluḡ Beg (murdered 853/1449). Dawlatšāh Samarqandī, Ḵᵛāndamīr, and Āḏar Bīgdelī all say that he was the foremost poet at Samarqand and that Uluḡ Beg and the courtiers held him in high esteem, particularly admiring his odes (qaṣīdas), but none of…

BADAḴŠĪ, MOLLĀ SHAH (also known as Shah Moḥammad), a mystic and writer of the Qāderī order, given both to the rigorous practice of asceticism and to the ecstatic proclamation of theopathic sentiment. Born in 990/1582 to a qāżī in the village of Araksā in the Rostāq area of Badaḵšān, Mollā…

BĀDĀM “almond.“ i. General. ii. As food.   i. General Biogeography of natural occurrences of almond trees. The genus Amygdalus is very common in Iran and Afghanistan and throughout the Turco-Iranian area. Iran and Anatolia were the center in which its various species evolved and from which they were diffused….

Search terms: بادان بن ساسان badan ebn sasan baadaan ebn e saasaan badan ibn e sasan baadaan ibn e saasaan        

Search terms:  بادان پیروز badan pirouz baadaan pirooz baadaan perooz badan perooz badan peerooz      

BADAŠT, small village of about 1,000 inhabitants, 7 km east of the city of Šāhrūd, in the Qajar-period province of Khorasan (now in Semnān Province); it was the site of a Babi conference in late Rajab-early Šaʿbān, 1264/late June-early July, 1848, convened on the instructions of the Bāb. Physical arrangements…

BĀDĀVARD (windfall), the name of one of the seven treasures of Ḵosrow Parvēz in the Šāh-nāma (Moscow ed., IX, p. 236 vv. 3790f.). The treasures of Ḵosrow Parvēz, including the bādāvard, are also mentioned by Ṯaʿālebī (Ḡorar, pp. 700f.), Gardīzī (ed. Ḥabībī, p. 36), and the Mojmal (p. 81). As…

Search terms: بدایع badaye badaaye    

Search terms:  بدایع نگار، آقا محمد ابراهیم badaye negar,agha mohammad ibrahim badaaye negaar, aaghaa mohammad ibrahim badaye negar,agha mohammad ebraahim  

BADĀʾ (Ar. appearance, emergence), as a theological term denotes a change of a divine decision or ruling in response to the emergence of new circumstances. It is upheld in Imami Shiʿite doctrine and rejected by most other Shiʿite and Sunni schools. The notion of badāʾ is said to have been…

BADĀʾŪNĪ, ʿABD-AL-QĀDER B. MOLŪKŠĀH B. ḤĀMED, polyglot man of letters, historian, and translator of Arabic and Sanskrit works into Persian who flourished during the reign of Akbar. Life. Badāʾūnī was born at Toda Bhim in the former princely state of Jaypur on 17 Rabīʿ II 947/21 August 1540 (Montaḵab al-tawārīḵ,…