Ac~ CAPTIONS OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Entry

Image Caption

ACTS OF ADUR-HORMIZD

Figure 1. P. Bedjan, Acta martyrum et sanctorum II, Paris-Leipzig, 1891, p. 1 (left) and p. 576.

ACTS OF THE PERSIAN MARTYRS

Figure 1. Oskar Braun, Ausgewählte Akten persischer Märtyrer, Munich, 1915.

ʿADL, Aḥmad-Ḥosayn

Figure 1. Aḥmad-Ḥosayn ʿAdl.

ʿADL, MOṢṬAFĀ

Figure 1. Moṣṭafā ʿAdl.

ADLER, ELKAN NATHAN

Figure 1. Portrait of Elkan Nathan Adler by Frank J. Darmstaedter. Courtesy of the Jewish Theological Seminary of New York, Portrait Collection.

AFGHANISTAN iii. Fauna

Figure 16. The ecological zones of Afghanistan.

AFGHANISTAN iv. Ethnography

Figure 17. The ethnolinguistic groups of Afghanistan.

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXIII/1. Wall Painting from Kakrāk, Bāmīān (AIA)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XX/2. Cybele Plaque from Āy Ḵānom, possibly from Syria; ca. 3rd century B.C. (L. Dupree)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XX/1. Marble Herm, Āy Ḵānom, 3rd century B.C. (L. Dupree)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXII/1. Heracles-Vajrapāni, Tapa-ye Šotor (Naseem, AIA)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXII/2. Marble Statue of Umamaheśvara, Sekandar (T. Higuchi)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXIII/2. Royal Couple, Fondūkestān, 7th Century A.D. (L. Dupree)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXIV. Fondūkestān Sculpture now in the Kabul Museum (J. Powell)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXV. Šahr-e Ḡolḡola, Sar o Tar (R. Vincent, Jr.)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXVI. Noh Gonbad (M. Casimir/B. Glatzer)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXVIII. Šāh-e Mašhad (B. Glatzer)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXVII. Zīārat-e Bābā Ḥātem (J. Powell)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXIX. The Minaret of Jām (J. Powell)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXX. Zīārat-e Ḵᵛāǰa Pārsā (L. Dupree)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Figure 18. Major archeological sites in Afghanistan.

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XIX/1. Sculptured Head from Āq Koprūk, ca. 18,000 B.C. (Life Magazine)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XIX/2. Fragments of a Silver Bowl with Bulls, Ḵᵛoš Tapa (L. Dupree)

AFGHANISTAN viii. Archeology

Plate XXI. Carved Ivory from the Kushan Treasure at Kāpīsā (J. Powell)

AFGHANISTAN x. Political History

Figure 19. The Dorrāni empire and after.

AFRĀSIĀB ii. Wall Paintings

Figure 5. Afrāsiāb, left side of the northern wall, Chinese Empress Wu Zetian (?) with dragon under the boat, reconstruction. After Al’baum, 1975, fig. 21, and Arzhantseva and Inevatkina, fig. 8. b.

AFRĀSIĀB ii. Wall Paintings

Figure 1. Afrāsiāb, center of the western wall, Chinese envoys and Turkish guards, detail. After Al’baum, 1975, fig. 6.

AFRĀSIĀB ii. Wall Paintings

Figure 2. Afrāsiāb, center of the southern wall, royal parade, detail. After Al’baum, 1975, fig. 12

AFRĀSIĀB ii. Wall Paintings

Figure 3. Afrāsiāb, eastern wall, fragments. After Al’baum, 1975, fig. 26.

AFRĀSIĀB ii. Wall Paintings

Figure 4. Afrāsiāb, right side of the northern wall, Chinese Emperor Tang Gaozong (?), reconstruction. After Al’baum, 1975, fig. 16.

AGATHIAS

Figure 1. B. G. Niebuhr, ed. and tr., Agathiae Myrinaei Historiarum Libri Quinque, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, Bonn, 1828, title page and first text page.

ĀḠKAND

Plate XXXI. Bowl, Polychromed, So-called Āḡkand Ware, about 600/1200 (Courtesy of the Smithsonian Institution, Freer Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.).

AGRICULTURE in Iran

Figure 20. Iran: Vegetation and Land-Use.

ĀHAN

Figure 21. Modern Iron Ore Deposits in Anatolia, Caucasus and on the Iranian Plateau (after C. W. Ryan, A Guide to the Known Minerals of Turkey, Ankara, 1960, and N. Taghizadeh and M A. Mallakpour, Mineral Distribution Map of Iran, Tehran, 1976).

ĀHAN

Plate XXXII. Indo-Iranian Ḵanǰar, Damascene Steel Dagger, Possibly of the Kara (black) Khorasan Type. Ivory (?) hilt inscribed with a line of poetry: “ze Yazdeǰerd ʿOmar Fārūq-e ṯānī” (obverse) “Begreft taḵt-e ǰam o tāǰ-e Kayānī” (reverse): “From Yazdeǰerd, ʿOmar, the second Fārūq, took the throne of Jam and the Crown of the Kayanids”. Photos courtesy of the University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.

ĀHAN

Plate XXXIII. Close-up View of Worn Blade Showing Distinctive Patterning (Jawhar) of Damascene Steel.

ĀHAN

Plate XXXIV. Blacksmith at His Forge, Dāmḡān, 1976. He is grasping tongs holding iron in the coals. At right center is the bin for coal which fuels the forge and which is mined near Dāmḡān. At left are two iron anvils (one large, one small) which have been hammered into a large tree stump covered in sheet metal.

ĀHI, MAJID

Figure 1. Majid Āhi.

AKHAVAN-E SALESS

Figure 1. Photograph of Mehdi Akhavan-e Saless.

AKHAVAN-E SALESS

Figure 2. Photograph of Mehdi Akhavan-e Saless.

AKHAVAN-E SALESS

Figure 3. Arḡanun (Organ; the first collection of poetry by Akhavan-e Saless, Tehran, 1951)

AKHAVAN-E SALESS

Figure 4. Zemestān (Winter; the second collection of poetry by Akhavan-e Saless, Tehran, 1956).

AKHAVAN-E SALESS

Figure 5. Az in Avestā (Of this Avesta; the fourth collection of poetry by Akhavan-e Saless, Tehran, 1965).

AKSU

Figure 1. Aksu and its geographic environment. Courtesy of the author.

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 1. Ala in uniform as minister of court (1950-55, 1957-63). (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 2. Portrait photograph of Fatemeh Ala (nee Qaragozlou). (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 3. Ala and Moḥammad-ʿAlī Ḏokāʾ-al-Molk Forūgī representing Iran at the League of Nations (photograph: 1928-30 or 1932). (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 4. Ala (as minister of court) with Mohammad Mossadeq (as prime minister) at the latter’s home, 1953. (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 5. Ala as prime minister and his cabinet, after presentation to the shah, 1955 (Dawlathā-ye Irān, pp. 267-70). First row, from left: Maḥmud Hedāyat (deputy prime minister), General Aḥmad Voṯuq (war minister), Ḵalil Ṭāleqāni (minister of agriculture, then without portfolio), ʿAbd-Allāh Enteẓām (minister for foreign affairs, then deputy prime minister), Hossein Ala (prime minister), not identified, Maḥmud Nāṣeri (agriculture minister), Amir Asad-Allāh ʿAlam (interior minister), ʿAliqoli Ardalān (minister for foreign affairs), not identified. Second row, from left: not identified, not identified, not identified, General Vali Anṣāri (roads minister), ʿAbbāsqoli Golšāiān (justice minister), Ebrāhim Kāšāni (economics minister), Maḥmud Mehrān (education minister). (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 6. Ala paying a visit to the Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Ḥosayn Borujerdi in the city of Qom, probably during his term as prime minister, 1955-57.  From right: Sayyed Ḥasan Emāmi (Imam Jomʿa of Tehran), Ayatollah Borujerdi, Ala. Far left: General Mehdiqoli ʿAlavi Moqaddam, chief of police. (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ALA, HOSAYN

Figure 7. Ala (as prime minister) with his great friend and confidant, Sayyed Hasan  Taqizadeh. (Photograph courtesy of Fereydun ʿAlā)

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 22. ʿAlam finial (Tk. sancak alemi). The central inscription reads “Allāh, Moḥammad, ʿAlī.” (Drawn after a photograph taken in the Haci Bektaş Museum, Turkey.)

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 22. ʿAlam finial (Tk. sancak alemi). The central inscription reads “Allāh, Moḥammad, ʿAlī.” (Drawn after a photograph taken in the Haci Bektaş Museum, Turkey.)

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 23. Tūq finial from the museum at Hażrat-e Maʿṣūma’s mausoleum in Qom; attributed to the 10th/16th century. (Drawn from a bad photograph published in Faqīhī, Tārīḵ, p. 280; taken from ʿA. A Borqaʿī, Rahnomā-ye Qom, Tehran, 1317 Š./1938.)

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 24. ʿAlam banner of the type commonly used in Iran from Qajar times in Moḥarram ceremonies.

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 25. Beyraq finial from Maḥalla-ye Ḥasanābād in Sarvestān. From top to bottom inscriptions on checkered parts read “Moḥammad” (twice), “Allāh, Moḥammad, ʿAlī” (thrice). (Redrawn from Homāyūnī, Farhang, p. 411

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 26. Beyraq finial from Maḥalla-ye Ḥāǰǰ Naẓarī in Sarvestān. Two handles are provided on the staff (pāya) for the person who carries it (beyraq-gardān); a pair of opposed dragon heads on the top right part has broken off. (Redrawn from Homāyūnī,

Farhang, p. 410.)

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 27. Two beyraqs from Maḥalla-ye Ḥasanābād. A pair of banners of this type is often attached by the two ends to close the march of a group of mourners (from Homāyūnī, Farhang, p. 400).

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Figure 28. The panǰa symbol used as finial on ʿalam banners (flanked here by coarsely cut-out metal dragon heads). Inscriptions read, on thumb, “Allāh, Moḥammad,” on the other fingers, “ʿAlī, Fāṭema, Ḥasan, Ḥosayn,” and on the palm, yā Ḥosayn-e maẓlūm “Oh Ḥosayn the persecuted,” the number 40, and yā Abu’l-Fażl, i.e., ʿAbbās b. ʿAlī (from a private collection).

ʿALAM VA ʿALĀMAT

Plate XXXV. Five Persian ʿalams, 10th/16th century, Topkapi Museum.

ALAMŪT

Figure 29. Alamūt and its Neighborhood. 

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 1. Early photograph of Bozorg Alavi (from Figure 6).

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 2. Photograph of Bozorg Alavi.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 3. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Prison Papers.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 4. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Panjāh o se nafar.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 5. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Čamadān.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 6. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Goḏašt-e zamāna.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 7. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Ḵāṭerāt.

ALAVI, BOZORG

Figure 8. Book cover of Bozorg Alavi, Dar Ḵalvat-e dust.

ALBORZ

Figure 30a. Map. Alborz Mountains: Relief and Human Features.

ALBORZ

Figure 30b. Map. Alborz Mountains: Relief and Human Features (cont.)

ALBORZ

Figure 31. Natural Vegetation.

ʿĀLĪ QĀPŪ

Figure 32. Facade of ʿĀlī Qāpū (E. Galdieri; Eṣfahān: ʿĀlī Qāpū, An Architectural Survey, Rome, IsMEO, 1979, fig. 30).

ALIZADEH, Ghazaleh

Figure 1. Ghazaleh Alizadeh. Courtesy of the author.