ANGLO-AFGHAN WARS i. First Anglo-Afghan war (1838-42). ii. Second Anglo-Afghan war (1878-80). iii. Third Anglo-Afghan war (1919).   i. First…

ANGLO-AFGHAN TREATY OF 1921, the outcome of peace negotiations following the Third Anglo-Afghan War. After the cease-fire of 3 June…

EGYPT x. Relations with Afghanistan Both Egypt and Afghanistan came under British hegemony in the latter part of the 19th…

ḤABIBIYA SCHOOL, an elite high school for boys established in 1321/1903 in Kabul and named after its founder, Amir Ḥabib-Allāh…

ḤABIB-ALLĀH, amir, monarch who initiated modernization in Afghanistan (b. 1872, d. 1919). For a historical account of his reign (1901-19), see…