Kabul was a small town until the 16th century, when Ẓahir-al-Din Bābor (1483-1530), the first of the Great Mughals, made…

ṬARZI, Maḥmud (b. Ḡazni, 1 Rabiʿ II 1282/1 Sombola 1244 Š./23 August 1865; d. Istanbul, 22 November 1933), writer, journalist,…

SERĀJ al-AḴBĀR-e AFḠĀNIYA, “Torch of the news of Afghanistan,” bi-monthly Persian language newspaper published in Kabul during the second decade…

MOḤAMMAD NĀDER SHAH (b. Dehra Dun, 21 Ḥamal 1262 Š./9 April 1883; d. Kabul, 17 ʿAqrab 1312 Š./8 November 1933),…