Étienne de la Vaissière
- SOGDIANA iii. HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY
SOGDIANA iii. HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY Sogdiana, an Iranian-speaking region in Central Asia, stretches from the rivers Āmu Daryā in the south…
- KHAGAN
KHAGAN (Ḵāqān, “supreme ruler”), title of Xianbei (a leading nomadic group in northern China) origin that entered Persian during the…
- KUSHANSHAHS i. History
KUSHANSHAHS i. History “Kushanshah” (Kušānšāh) was the title of the rulers, known between the 3rd-century Sasanian conquests and 4th/5th-century Hunnic…
- SOGDIAN TRADE
SOGDIAN TRADE. The people of Sogdiana were the main caravan merchants of Central Asia from the 5th to the 8th…
- XIONGNU
XIONGNU (Hsiung-nu), the great nomadic empire to the north of China in the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE, which extended…
- CHINESE-IRANIAN RELATIONS xiii. Eastern Iranian Migrations to China
CHINESE-IRANIAN RELATIONS xiii. EASTERN IRANIAN MIGRATIONS TO CHINA Communities of Sogdian and Bactrian immigrants settled in many cities of Northern…
- ČĀKAR
ČĀKAR, personal soldier-retainer of the nobility in pre-Islamic Central Asia. The earliest attestations of the word are in Chinese and…