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  • ʿABDALLĀH B. ŠĀKER

    D. Pingree

    Expert in geometry (d. 1174-75).

  • ĀMORAʾĪ

    P. Lecoq

     the dialect spoken in Āmora, a village in the šahrestān of Tafreš.

  • BAHĀʾ-AL-DĪN NAQŠBAND

    H. Algar

    , ḴᵛĀJA MOḤAMMAD B. MOḤAMMAD BOḴĀRĪ (1318-91), eponym of the Naqšbandīya, one of the most vigorous and widespread Sufi orders.

  • ČĀY

    Daniel Balland and Marcel Bazin

    shrub of the genus Camellia and beverage made from its leaves, probably the most popular drink throughout the Iranian world. It is not known when Persians first became acquainted with the beverage. Bīrūnī,  in his Ketāb al-ṣaydana, written in the first half of the 11th century, gave some details about the plant čāy and its use as a beverage in China and Tibet.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.

  • DUCK

    Hūšang Aʿlam

    technically any species of the family Anatidae but in Persian popular usage including similar waterfowl from other families, particularly some geese and grebes.

  • FIRE

    Cross-reference

    See ĀDUR, ĀTAŠ, ĀTAŠKADA.

  • KASRAVI, AḤMAD i. LIFE AND WORK

    Ali Reżā Manafzadeh

  • KURUNI

    Pierre Oberling

    a Kurdish tribe of Kurdistan and Fārs. Most of the tribe was transplanted from Kurdistan to Fārs by Karim Khan Zand during the 1760s.

  • ENGLISH iii. Translations Of Classical Persian Literature

    Michael Beard

  • AḤMAD KHATTŪ

    K. A. Nizami

    famous medieval Gujarati saint whose name is associated with the foundation of the city of Ahmadabad (b. Delhi, 737/1336; d. Sarkhej, 10 Šawwal 849/9 January 1446).

  • ASĪR EṢFAHĀNĪ

    K. Amīrī Fīrūzkūhī

    a poet of the 11th/17th century (d. 1049/1639).

  • BETLĪS

    cross-reference

    See BEDLĪS.

  • DĀRĀBĪ SAYYED JAʿFAR

    Andrew J. Newman

    b. Abī Esḥāq Mūsawī Borūjerdī Kašfī (b. Eṣṭahbānāt in Fārs, 1775, d. Borūjerd 1851), religious scholar, nephew of the Aḵbārī Yūsuf b. Aḥmad Baḥrānī and father of Sayyed Yaḥyā Waḥīd Dārābī.

  • EʿTEŻĀD-AL-SALṬANA, ʿALĪQOLĪ MĪRZĀ

    Abbas Amanat

    (1822-1880), first minister of sciences (ʿolūm, meaning education) of the Qajar period and a scholar.

  • KEYVĀNLU TRIBE

    Pierre Oberling

    a Kudish tribe of Khorasan.

  • KARĀMA

    Erik S. Ohlander

    “(saintly) marvel, wonder, or miracle” in Arabic (pl. karāmāt).

  • ḠAZĀLĪ, ABŪ ḤĀMED MOḤAMMAD, v

    Wael B. Hallaq

    v. As a Faqīh.

  • ḤOSAYNIYA

    Jean Calmard

    buildings specifically designed to serve as venues for Moḥarram ceremonies commemorating the martyrdom of Ḥosayn b. ʿAli.

  • ABHARĪ, AṮĪR-AL-DĪN

    G. C. Anawati

    (d. 1264), logician, mathematician, and astronomer.

  • ANĀRAKI

    G. L. Windfuhr

    the dialect of Anārak, a town with 2,100 inhabitants in the Bīābānak region northeast of the city of Nāʾīn.