Table of Contents

• URARTU IN IRAN

  Wolfram Kleiss

  The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and the Republic of Armenia. Its center was the Armenian highland between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. It s first mentioned as “Nairi countries” in Assyrian sources in the time of Salmanasser I, 1274 BCE.

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• URDU

  David Matthews

  National language (qaumī zabān) of Pakistan and one of the fifteen officially recognized languages of India. It is spoken, according to recent censuses made in India and Pakistan, by an estimated 53 million people in the South Asian subcontinent.

• URGUT

  Alexei Savchenko

  town ca. 30 km southeast of Samarkand, Uzbekistan, containing monuments of historical, archeological, and epigraphic significance. In written sources, Urgut is first mentioned as the location of a monastery of the Church of the East. Aarcheological finds include wearable crosses of iron, ceramic wares with Christian motifs, a bronze censer,  and fragments of stucco decoration.

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• U~ CAPTIONS OF ILLUSTRATIONS

  Cross-Reference

  list of all the figure and plate images in the U entries