Table of Contents

  • TAJIK ii. TAJIK PERSIAN

    John Perry

    Tajiki Persian is the variety of New Persian used in Central Asia. From the 1920s it was officially fostered in the USSR as the national literary language of the Tajik SSR (since 1991, the Republic of Tajikistan). It is also spoken in parts of Uzbekistan, notably in the cities of Bukhara and Samarqand.

  • TAJIK iii. COLLOQUIAL TAJIKI IN COMPARISON WITH PERSIAN OF IRAN

    Bahriddin Aliev and Aya Okawa

    Fārsi of Iran (here called “Farsi” for short), Tajiki, and Dari are distinct branches of the Persian language, and within each branch a wide variety of local dialects exist.

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  • TAJIKISTAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

    Habib Borjian

    Tajikistan’s leading research institution for coordinating and conducting theoretical and applied research projects.

  • TAJIKISTAN i. STATUS OF ISLAM SINCE 1917

    Muriel Atkin

    Tajikistan’s population, which numbered slightly more than six million in the year 2000, consists overwhelmingly of ethnic groups which have historically been Muslim.

  • TAJIKISTAN v. DICTIONARIES AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS

    Habib Borjian

    The alphabet change to Roman and then to Cyrillic (1928 and 1940) coupled with vernacularization of Tajik Persian, called for independent lexicography in Tajikistan.

  • TAKLAMAKAN

    Alain Cariou

    The Taklamakan stretches over 337,000 square kilometers in the centre of the Tarim basin. The vast depression runs nearly 1,200 km from west to east, and is 400 km wide from north to south. It forms an elliptical, semi-open basin in the Lop Nur marsh.

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  • TAḴT-E SOLAYMĀN

    Dietrich Huff

    outstanding archeological site with substantial Sasanian and Il-khanid ruins in Azerbaijan, between Bijār and Šāhin-dež, about 30 km north-northeast of Takāb. Up to the early Islamic time the geographical name of the place and the region was Šiz.

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  • TAḴTI, Ḡolām-Reżā

    Houchang E. Chehabi

    (b. Tehran, 20 Šahrivar 1309 Š./27 August 1930; d. Tehran, 27 Ordibehešt 1347 Š./7 June 1968), freestyle wrestling champion, and Persia’s most popular athlete of the 20th century.

  • ṬĀLEB

    Cross-Reference

    Poet and physician (d. 1015/1606-07). See ABU ṬĀLEB TABRIZI.

  • ṬĀLEB ĀMOLI

    Paul Losensky

    Persian poet of the early 17th century (b. Mazandaran, ca. 1580; d. India, 1626-7).

  • ṬĀLEBUF, ʿABD-AL-RAḤIM

    Cyrus Masroori

    (1834-1911), intellectual and author of several influential works, including Ketāb-e Aḥmad. The fact that the book went through several reprints both inside and outside Iran testifies to its popularity. Its style and design made it a textbook of choice in the modern schools of Tabriz. 

     

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  • TĀLEŠ DISTRICT

    Marcel Bazin

    altogether stretches north from the Safidrud, which cuts through the western Alborz mountains in western Gilān, to the the Araxes-Kura plain in the south of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

  • ṬĀLEŠ DULĀB

    Cross-Reference

    one of the five traditional Ṭāleš khanates (Ḵamsa-ye Ṭavāleš) in western Gilān.

  • TAʿLIM O TARBIAT

    Nassereddin Parvin

    monthly periodical published by the Ministry of Culture (April 1925-March 1927, April 1934-July 1938). 

  • TALMUD ii. RABBINIC LITERATURE and MIDDLE PERSIAN TEXTS

    Yaakov Elman

    Jews and Persians had coexisted in Mesopotamia, mostly peaceably, for some 700 years by the time that the first generation of prominent Babylonian talmudic rabbis was born in the third quarter of the 2nd century.

  • TALMUD, PERSIAN ELEMENTS IN

    Jacob Neusner

    Persian influence on Judaism through the Babylonian Talmud (Bavli) is by no means negligible. The Bavli is full of Iranian words and motifs.

  • TAMIŠA WALL

    Hamid Omrani Rekavandi and Eberhard W. Sauer

    an at least 11-km-long Sasanian wall west of present-day Sarkālata village in Gorgān, crossing the coastal corridor at the southeast corner of the Caspian Sea.

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  • TANG-E SARVAK

    Ernie Haerinck

    (Gorge of the cypresses), an archeological site in eastern Ḵuzestān province, southwestern Iran. It is located in a gorge in the mountainous area approx. 50 km north of Behbahān. At an altitude of ca. 1200 m, it is only reached after a long climb.

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  • TANNING, RUBBER, AND FOOTWEAR INDUSTRIES

    Willem Floor

    Tanning was an economic activity traditionally practiced all over Iran, not only in the large towns, but also (for local consumption) in small towns and large villages, and it was practiced on a small scale by the nomads.

  • TAQIYA

    Multiple Authors

    dissimulation; the practice, commonly regarded as distinctively Shiʿite, of hiding beliefs or rituals in times of imminent harm to one.