Table of Contents

• TAḴT-E SOLAYMĀN

  Dietrich Huff

  outstanding archeological site with substantial Sasanian and Il-khanid ruins in Azerbaijan, between Bijār and Šāhin-dež, about 30 km north-northeast of Takāb. Up to the early Islamic time the geographical name of the place and the region was Šiz.

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• TAḴTI, Ḡolām-Reżā

  Houchang E. Chehabi

  (b. Tehran, 20 Šahrivar 1309 Š./27 August 1930; d. Tehran, 27 Ordibehešt 1347 Š./7 June 1968), freestyle wrestling champion, and Persia’s most popular athlete of the 20th century.

• ṬĀLEB

  Cross-Reference

  Poet and physician (d. 1015/1606-07). See ABU ṬĀLEB TABRIZI.

• ṬĀLEB ĀMOLI

  Paul Losensky

  Persian poet of the early 17th century (b. Mazandaran, ca. 1580; d. India, 1626-7).

• TĀLEŠ DISTRICT

  Marcel Bazin

  altogether stretches north from the Safidrud, which cuts through the western Alborz mountains in western Gilān, to the the Araxes-Kura plain in the south of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

• ṬĀLEŠ DULĀB

  Cross-Reference

  one of the five traditional Ṭāleš khanates (Ḵamsa-ye Ṭavāleš) in western Gilān.

• TAʿLIM O TARBIAT

  Nassereddin Parvin

  monthly periodical published by the Ministry of Culture (April 1925-March 1927, April 1934-July 1938). 

• TALMUD ii. RABBINIC LITERATURE and MIDDLE PERSIAN TEXTS

  Yaakov Elman

  Jews and Persians had coexisted in Mesopotamia, mostly peaceably, for some 700 years by the time that the first generation of prominent Babylonian talmudic rabbis was born in the third quarter of the 2nd century.

• TALMUD, PERSIAN ELEMENTS IN

  Jacob Neusner

  Persian influence on Judaism through the Babylonian Talmud (Bavli) is by no means negligible. The Bavli is full of Iranian words and motifs.

• TANG-E SARVAK

  Ernie Haerinck

  (Gorge of the cypresses), an archeological site in eastern Ḵuzestān province, southwestern Iran. It is located in a gorge in the mountainous area approx. 50 km north of Behbahān. At an altitude of ca. 1200 m, it is only reached after a long climb.

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• TANNING, RUBBER, AND FOOTWEAR INDUSTRIES

  Willem Floor

  Tanning was an economic activity traditionally practiced all over Iran, not only in the large towns, but also (for local consumption) in small towns and large villages, and it was practiced on a small scale by the nomads.

• TAQIYA iii. AMONG BABIS AND BAHAIS

  Kamran Ekbal

  Dissimulation of the faith was widespread among Babis and Bahais until the early years of the ministry of Shoghi Effendi (1921-57), when he, in a number of messages starting in 1927, prohibited its practice.

• TĀRIḴ-E QOM

  Andreas Drechsler

  (The History of Qom), an early local history (comp. 378/988) from medieval Persia by Ḥasan b. Moḥammad Qomi, which has been preserved in an early 9th/15th-century Persian translation.

• TĀRIḴ-E SISTĀN

  C. E. Bosworth

  an anonymous local history in Persian of the eastern Iranian region of Sistān, the region that straddles the modern Iran-Afghanistan border. It forms a notable example of the flourishing genre of local histories in the pre-modern Iranian lands.

• ṬARZI, MAḤMUD

  May Schinasi

  (1865-1933), writer, journalist, politician, and a prominent figure in Afghanistan in the first quarter of the 20th century. Tarzi was hailed as the "father of journalism" and oversaw the bi-monthly Serāj al-aḵbār, for which he wrote most of the articles, and was a translator of Turkish, an essayist, and a poet.

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• TAVALLALI, Fereydun

  Kāmyār ʿĀbedi

  (1919-1985), noted poet and writer. His literary career paralleled the dominant social, political, and literary trends of the middle decades of 20th century Iran.

• TAʿZIA

  Peter Chelkowski

  a term used for the Shiʿite passion play performed in Persia. It is the sole form of serious drama to have developed in the world of Islam, with the exception of contemporary theater, which was introduced to Islamic countries in the mid-19th century.

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• TEA

  Cross-Reference

  See ČĀY.

• TEHRAN i. A PERSIAN CITY AT THE FOOT OF THE ALBORZ.

  Xavier de Planhol

  At the northern borders of Iran’s arid central plateau, the southern foothills of the Alborz chain, which have the advantage of major precipitations, are particularly suitable for human settlements.

• TEHRĀNI, Ḥosayn

  Morteżā Ḥoseyni Dehkordi

  (1911-1973) well-known master performer of the tonbak.