Table of Contents

  • MOḤAMMAD b. ʿABD-ALLAH

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    , Abu’l -ʿAbbās (b. 824-25, d. 867), high official in Iraq and the central lands of the caliphate.

  • MOḤAMMAD B. NOṢAYR

    Yaron Friedman

    Abu Šoʿayb al-Nomayri/al-Namiri (d. after 868), the founder and eponym of the Nomayriya/Namiriya sect.

  • MOḤAMMAD NĀDER SHAH

    May Schinasi

    (1883-1933), king of Afghanistan, first representative of the new Dorrāni dynasty.

  • MOḤAMMAD SHAH QĀJĀR

    Jean Calmard

    (1808-1848), the third ruler of the Qajar dynasty after his grandfather Fatḥ-ʿAli Shah.

  • MOḤAMMAD-AYYUB KHAN

    R. D. McChesney

    born Amir Šēr-ʿAli Khan, a prominent Afghan political figure of the Moḥammadzi clan (1857-1914).

  • MOḤSENI, Akbar

    Morteżā Ḥoseyni Dehkordi

    (1912-1995) composer and prominent performer of the Ud (lute).

  • MOḤTĀJ DYNASTY

    Cross-Reference

    See ĀL-E MOḤTĀJ.

  • MOḤTAŠAM KĀŠĀNI

    Paul Losensky

    , Šams-al-šoʿarā Kamāl-al-Din, Persian poet of the Safavid period (b. Kashan, 1528-29, d. Kashan, 1588).

  • MOʿJEZ ŠABESTARI

    Hasan Javadi

    (1874-1934), a satirical poet in Azerbaijani, fairly unknown during his lifetime. A social problem is addressed in every one of his poems.

  • MOJMAL al-TAWĀRIḴ wa’l-QEṢAṢ

    Siegfried Weber and Dagmar Riedel

    an anonymous chronicle from the 12th century in the Persian tradition of literary historiography.

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  • MOKRI TRIBE

    Pierre Oberling

    a Kurdish tribe of western Iranian Azerbaijan.

  • MOḴTĀR-NĀMA

    Daniela Meneghini

    a wide-ranging collection of quatrains (2,088 in number) attributed to the mystic poet Farid-al-Din ʿAṭṭār (d. ca. 1221).

  • MOLLA NASREDDIN i. THE PERSON

    Hasan Javadi

    character who appears in thousands of stories, always witty, sometimes wise, even philosophic, sometimes the instigator of practical jokes on others and often a fool or the butt of a joke.

  • MOLLA NASREDDIN ii. POLITICAL AND SOCIAL WEEKLY

    Hasan Javadi

    a political and social weekly in Azeri Turkish (1906-31, with interruptions), with tremendous impact on the course of journalism and development of ideas.

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  • MOLLĀ ṢADRĀ ŠIRĀZI

    Sajjad H. Rizvi

    , Ṣadr-al-Din Moḥammad b. Ebrāhim b. Yaḥyā Qawāmi Širāzi (b. 1571-72, d. 1635-36?), arguably the most significant Islamic philosopher after Avicenna.

  • MOMAYYEZ, Morteżā

    EIr

    (1936-2005), illustrator, painter, teacher and writer who played a pivotal role in the development of graphic design in contemporary Iran.

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  • MONʿEMĪ

    Cross-Reference

    18th-century historian of Kashmir. See ABU’L-QĀSEM MOḤAMMAD ASLAM.

  • MONGOLS

    Peter Jackson

    an Altaic people who conquered an empire that embraced China, Central Asia, the south Russian steppe, Iran, Afghanistan and Iraq.

  • MONGOLS ii. Mongolian Loanwords in Persian

    Michael Knüppel

    early Turkic and Mongolian have many common features that were occasionally interpreted as indications to a genetic relationship between the two language families.

  • MONKEY

    Cross-Reference

    See BŪZĪNA.