Table of Contents

• MAGIC i. MAGICAL ELEMENTS IN THE AVESTA AND NĒRANG LITERATURE

  Antonio Panaino

  The presence of magical elements in the strict sense  in Avestan literature has been considered rare.

• MAGIC ii. IN LITERATURE AND FOLKLORE IN THE ISLAMIC PERIOD

  Mahmud Omidsalar

  Magic can be briefly described as the art of influencing the course of events by the occult control of natural phenomena through the application of ritual observances acquired through a study of esoteric and often closely guarded corpus of knowledge and traditions.

• MAGOPHONIA

  Muhammad A. Dandamayev

  An appropriate Iranian word for magophonia is the Sogdian mwγzt- (killing of the Magi).

• MAḤALLĀTI, Moḥammad

  Javad Golmohammadi

  a master calligrapher of the Timurid period, known only through three surviving works on wood and stone (a cetanoph, a door, and a stone plaque), which reflect the stylistic influence of the Timurid prince and master calligrapher Ḡiāṯ-al-Din Bāysonqor (d. 1493).

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• MAHĀRLU LAKE

  Karāmat-Allāh Afsar

  a picturesque, rather extensive body of water to the southeast of Shiraz.

• MAḤFEL-E RUḤĀNI

  Moojan Momen

  current designation of the Bahai governing councils elected at local and national level.

• MAHJUB, MOHAMMAD JA’FAR

  Mahmoud Omidsalar

  prominent scholar of Persian literature, essayist, translator, university teacher, and one of the founders of the discipline of folklore in Iran.

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• MAḤJUBI, Morteżā

  Morteżā Ḥoseyni Dehkordi and EIr

  (1900-1965), composer and pianist,  noted for his use of the piano to perform traditional Iranian music.

• MAḤJUBI, Reżā

  Morteżā Ḥoseyni Dehkordi and EIr

  (1898-1954) composer and violinist, brother of Morteżā.

• MAḤMUD MIRZĀ

  Dominic Parviz Brookshaw

  (b. 1799, d. between 1854 and 1858), fifteenth son of Fatḥ-ʿAli Shah Qajar (r. 1797-1834), calligrapher, poet, and anthologist.