Table of Contents

• MITHRA i. MITRA IN OLD INDIAN AND MITHRA IN OLD IRANIAN

  Hanns-Peter Schmidt

  Indo-Iranian god, with name based on the common noun mitrá “contract” with the connotations of “covenant, agreement, treaty, alliance, promise.”

• MITHRA ii. ICONOGRAPHY IN IRAN AND CENTRAL ASIA

  Franz Grenet

  There is no known iconography of Mithra in the Achaemenid period. On coins of the Arsacids the seated archer dressed as a Parthian horseman has been interpreted as Mithra. In the Kushan empire Mithra is among the deities most frequently depicted on the coinage, always as a young solar god.

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• MITHRA iii. IN MANICHEISM

  Werner Sundermann

  The Iranian Manicheans adopted the name of the Zoroastrian god Mithra (Av. Miθra; Mid. Pers.Mihr)and used it to designate one of their own deities.

• MITHRADATES VI

  Brian McGing

  Eupator Dionysos (r. 120-63 BCE), last king of Pontus, the Hellenistic kingdom that emerged in northern Asia Minor in the early years of the 3rd century BCE.

• MITHRAISM

  Roger Beck

  the cult of Mithra as it developed in the West, its origins, its features, and its probable connection with Mithra worship in Iran.

• MOʾAYYAD FI’L-DIN ŠIRĀZI

  Verena Klemm

  (ca. 1000-87), outstanding and multitalented representative of the Fatimid religious and political mission (daʿwa) in the service of the Caliph/Imam Mostanṣer bi’llāh (r. 1036-94).

• MOʾTAMEN, Zeyn-al-ʿĀbedin

  Ali Gheissari

  A teacher, writer, and scholar of Persian literature.

• MODARRESI, Taqi

  Nasrin Rahimieh

  (1931-1997), Persian novelist and psychiatrist.

• MODI, JIVANJI JAMSHEDJI

  Michael Stausberg and Ramiyar P. Karanjia

  Parsi priest, scholar, public servant and community activist.

• MOʿEZZ-AL-DAWLA

  Claude Cahen

  , ABU’L-ḤOSAYN, Aḥmad ebn Abi Šojāʿ (d. 356/967), 4th/10th century Buyid prince, the youngest of the three brothers who conquered western, southern, and central Persia.