Table of Contents
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MOSADDEQ, HAMID
Saeed Rezaei
(1940-1998), Persian poet, lawyer, and university professor.
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MOSAFERIDS
C. Edmund Bosworth
a dynasty of Deylamite origin. Its original center of power was at Šamirān in the district of Ṭārom on the middle course of the Safidrud river in the region of Deylam, but it subsequently extended its authority over a large part of northwestern Iran.
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MOSAHEB, GHOLAM-HOSAYN
Hormoz Homayounpour
(1910-1979), mathematician, logician, university professor, the founder and general editor of the Dāyerat al-maʿāref-e fārsi, and one of the few scholars honored both before and after the Islamic Revolution of 1978-79 for their achievements.
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MOSES OF CHORENE
Cross-Reference
(5th century), priest and bishop, to whom is attributed the work, History of Armenia (Patmut‘iwn Hayoc‘); see MOVSĒS XORENAC‘I.
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MOSHFEQ-e KAZEMI, SAYYED MORTAZA
Ḥasan Mirʿābedini
(1904-1978), author of Iran’s first social novel.
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MOSHIRI, FEREYDUN
Saeid Rezvani
In 1945 Moshiri began to work for the Ministry of Post and Telegraph. He continued to pursue his education while employed. He received his diploma in 1965 and enrolled at the then Faculty of Literature of Tehran University, but never completed the course of study, switching to journalism instead.
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MOSTA’AN, Hosayn-Qoli
Ḥasan Mirʿābedini
(1904-1983), noted serial writer, journalist, and translator.
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MOTʿA
Shahla Haeri
in Islamic law, the word (lit. “pleasure”) used as a technical term for a marriage contracted for a definite period of time.
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MOʾTAMEN, Zeyn-al-ʿĀbedin
Ali Gheissari
A teacher, writer, and scholar of Persian literature.
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MOVSĒS XORENAC‘I
Nina Garsoïan
from the later Middle Ages, and down to the present, honored as the “Father of Armenian History” (Patmahayr). According to his own words, he was a pupil of St. Maštoc‘, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet, writing in the 5th century CE.
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MOZAFFARIDS
Patrick Wing
(Āl-e Moẓaffar), family of governors of Yazd under the Il-Khanids, who expanded their domain after the collapse of the Il-Khanid power and established the Mozaffarid dynasty in Yazd, Kerman, Fars, and ʿErāq-e ʿAjam, which endured until its destruction by Timur (Tamerlane).
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MUGH, MOUNT
Gregory Semenov
site of the 7th-8th-century refuge of the rulers of Panjikant in Sogdiana, where an important archive of documents written in Sogdian was discovered in the 1930s.
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MUHAMMADIEV, Fazliddin
Keith Hitchins
Tajik writer (1928-1986). Numerous works of his were translated into Russian and other languages of the Soviet Union and of Eastern Europe.
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MÜLLER, FRIEDRICH
Rüdiger Schmitt
(1834-1898), Austrian scholar of linguistics and ethnography. He was the founder and main advocate of the so-called “linguistic ethnography.” He worked on a genealogical classification and a description of all the languages around the globe known at his time (and often examined for the first time by himself).
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MÜLLER, Friedrich W. K.
Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst
(1863-1930), scholar of Oriental cultures and languages; he was able to make groundbreaking discoveries and to make a major contribution to the establishment of the philological and historical study of texts in Middle Iranian and Old Turkish and to the study of original Manichean texts.
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MUNICH, PERSIAN ART IN
Avinoam Shalem
The collecting of Persian art in Munich goes back at least to the reign of Duke Albrecht V (r. 1516-75). Artifacts of oriental origin were mainly registered as exotica. For example, between 1545 and 1550, Hans Mielich (1516-73), the court painter of Albrecht V, provided the duke with an illustrated inventory of the varied treasures in the court.
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MURAL PAINTING
Sheila R. Canby
Early examples of mural painting are at sites on the western and eastern fringes of the Iranian world, such as Dura Europos, Syria, and Kuh-e Ḵˇāja in Sistān, where wall paintings range from the late Parthian to the late Sasanian period.
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MUSĀ YABḠU
Osman G. Özgüdenli
the eponymous strongman of a Ḡozz clan, whose nephew Toḡrel founded the Saljuq dynasty.
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MUSHFIQI, ABDURAHMON
Keith Hitchins
(Mošfeqi, ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān), Tajik poet (1525-1588).
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MUSHKI, TALL-E
Yoshihiro Nishiaki
an early Pottery Neolithic site in Fars Province, southwest Iran. Located approximately 11 km southeast of Persepolis, this eponymous site for the Mushki culture forms a small and low mound.
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