Table of Contents
-
MARZBĀN-NĀMA
K. Crewe Williams
an early 13th-century prose work in Persian consisting of various didactic stories and fables used as illustrations of morality and right conduct. The work is comprised of nine chapters (bāb) with main-framed stories, embedded minor tales, as well as Persian and Arabic poems, parables, sayings, and Qorʾanic expressions.
This Article Has Images/Tables. -
MĀSĀL
Marcel Bazin
small town and sub-provincial district (šahrestān) in the western part of Gilān Province. The town is located at lat 37°22′ N, long 49°02′ E.
-
MAŠHAD-E ARDAHĀL
Habib Borjian
district and settlement near Kashan, significant for its shrine and conservative traditions.
This Article Has Images/Tables. -
MASHAYEKHI, MEHRDAD
Mehrzad Boroujerdi
(1953-2011), scholar, public intellectual, political activist, whose research was focused primarily on the theoretical shortcomings of the traditional Iranian left and what seemed to him as their inadequate regard for democratic politics.
This Article Has Images/Tables. -
MASISTES
Rüdiger Schmitt
Greek rendering (Masístēs) of an Old Iranian name *Masišta- (reflected also in Bab. Ma-si-iš-tu4) based on the superlative YAv. masišta-, OPers. maθišta- “greatest, supreme”.
-
MASJED-E SANGI
Dietrich Huff
a rock-cut mosque near the ancient site of Dārābgerd.
-
MAŠREQ AL-AḎKĀR
Moojan Momen
With regard to the building and design of the Mašreq al-Aḏkārs, Bahāʾ-Allāh states: “Make them as perfect as is possible in the world of being.” Writing in 1955 to the German Bahais, Shoghi Effendi considered that the Mašreq al-Aḏkār should not be built in ultra-modern style, but be “graceful in outline,” with a “delicate architectural beauty.”
This Article Has Images/Tables. -
MASRUR, Hosayn
Ḥasan Mirʿābedini
(1890-1968), novelist, poet, and literary scholar.
-
MASSAGETAE
Rüdiger Schmitt
(Gk. Massagétai), a nomadic tribe that settled in ancient times somewhere in the wide lowlands to the east of the Caspian Sea, in particular probably between the Oxus (Āmū Daryā) and Jaxartes (Syr Daryā) rivers.
-
MASSON, Charles
Elizabeth Errington
alias of James Lewis (1800-53), traveler, pioneering archeologist and numismatist, who in 1832-38 produced the first comprehensive archeological records of eastern Afghanistan.