Table of Contents

• JARRĀḤI RIVER

  cross-reference

  See KHUZESTAN i. Geography.

• JĀRUDIYA

  cross-reference

  See ZAIDIS.

• JĀS

  D. T. Potts

  also written Jāšk (‘Jasques’ in English East India Company sources), a small Baluchi port on the Makrān coast with palm gardens.

• JĀSK

  Daniel T. Potts

  a small Baluchi port on the Makrān coast with palm gardens, considered part of the Hormozgan province.

• JAŠN

  cross-reference

  See GĀHANBĀR; FESTIVALS ii.

• JĀSP

  cross-reference

  See MAḤALLĀT.

• JĀT

  M. Jamil Hanifi

  a contested and ambiguous label for several non-food-producing peripatetic, itinerant communities in Afghanistan and the surrounding region.

• JĀTAKASTAVA

  Mauro Maggi

  a Khotanese religious poem in praise (Skt. stava-) of the Buddha’s former births (Skt. jātaka-).

• JAUBERT, PIERRE AMÉDÉE ÉMILIEN-PROBE

  Nader Nasiri-Moghaddam

  In June 1806 Jaubert was received in audience by the shah in Tehran and presented a letter from Napoleon. Negotiations were carried out,  and the court offered him a large portrait of the shah.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• JAVĀNMARDI

  Mohsen Zakeri

  also fotowwa, denoting a wide variety of amorphous associations with initiation rituals and codes in the Islamic world, primarily in its eastern regions.