Table of Contents

• JĀS

  D. T. Potts

  also written Jāšk (‘Jasques’ in English East India Company sources), a small Baluchi port on the Makrān coast with palm gardens.

• JĀSK

  Daniel T. Potts

  a small Baluchi port on the Makrān coast with palm gardens, considered part of the Hormozgan province.

• JAŠN

  cross-reference

  See GĀHANBĀR; FESTIVALS ii.

• JĀSP

  cross-reference

  See MAḤALLĀT.

• JĀT

  M. Jamil Hanifi

  a contested and ambiguous label for several non-food-producing peripatetic, itinerant communities in Afghanistan and the surrounding region.

• JĀTAKASTAVA

  Mauro Maggi

  a Khotanese religious poem in praise (Skt. stava-) of the Buddha’s former births (Skt. jātaka-).

• JAUBERT, PIERRE AMÉDÉE ÉMILIEN-PROBE

  Nader Nasiri-Moghaddam

  (1779-1847), French orientalist, who also served as interpreter and diplomat at Napoleon Bonaparte’s court.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• JAVĀNMARDI

  Mohsen Zakeri

  also fotowwa, denoting a wide variety of amorphous associations with initiation rituals and codes in the Islamic world, primarily in its eastern regions.

• JAVĀNRUD

  ʿAbd-Allāh Marduḵ and EIr.

  a city and a sub-province (šahrestān) in the northwest of Kermānšāhān Province near the border with Iraq at about 110 km southwest of Sanandaj sub-province.

• JAVĀNŠIR QARĀBĀḠI, JAMĀL

  George Bournoutian

  (1773-1853), a leader of the Javānšir tribe and an office-holder in Qarābāḡ and Dagestan.