Table of Contents
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Isfahan x. Monuments (2) Palaces
Sussan Babaie with Robert Haug
European visitors to Safavid Persia, for example, found themselves increasingly bound by Isfahan, where they were able to gain a royal audience or conduct their business with the court and government bureaucracy without having to follow the itinerant monarchs.
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Isfahan x. Monuments (3) Mosques
Sussan Babaie with Robert Haug
Isfahan is known historically for its large number of mosques. According to Abu Noʿaym of Isfahan, the first large mosque in Isfahan was built during the Caliphate of Imam ʿAli b. Abi Ṭāleb (r. 656-61). The French traveler Jean Chardin counted 162 mosques during his travels to Isfahan in the middle of the 17th century.
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Isfahan x. Monuments (4) Madrasas
Sussan Babaie with Robert Haug
The earliest extant madrasa in Isfahan is the 1325 Emāmi Madrasa, which is also known as the Madrasa-ye Bābā Qāsem after the name of its first teacher, who is buried in a nearby tomb. As in Persian mosque type, this and most other madrasas in Persia follow the four-ayvān courtyard-centered plan.
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Isfahan x. Monuments (5) Bridges
Sussan Babaie with Robert Haug
On the southern edge of the city of Isfahan lies the Zāyandarud River, the unnavigable river that has been the major source of water in the region since the earliest settlements in its environs. Until the transfer of the Safavid capital to Isfahan in the late 16th century, the river was well outside the city walls.
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Isfahan x. Monuments (6) Bibliography
Sussan Babaie with Robert Haug
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Isfahan xi. SCHOOL OF PAINTING AND CALLIGRAPHY
Massumeh Farhad
The “Isfahan” school of painting and calligraphy generally refers to works of art associated with the city, when it was chosen as the Safavid capital. The school has two distinct phases of first the followers of Reżā ʿAbbāsi and then the European style.
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Isfahan xii. BAZAAR: PLAN AND FUNCTION
Willem Floor
It is one of the best-preserved examples of a large, enclosed, and covered bazaar complex that was typical of most cities in the Muslim world prior to the 20th century. The oldest areas of the present-day bazaar date from the early 17th century; its first stone was laid in 1603.
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Isfahan xiii. CRAFTS
Habib Borjian and EIr
Isfahan has maintained its position as a major center for traditional crafts in Persia. The crafts of Isfahan encompass textiles, carpets, metalwork, woodwork, ceramics, painting, and inlay works of various kind. The work is carried out in different settings including small industrial and bazaar workshops, in the homes of craftsmen and women, and in rural cottage industries.
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Isfahan xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIES
Habib Borjian
This sub-section is divided into the following parts: (1) Modern Economy of the Province; (2) Industries of Isfahan City.
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Isfahan xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND INDUSTRIES (1) The Province
Habib Borjian
The distribution of economic activities within Isfahan, with an urbanism of 76 percent, is highly uneven. The oasis of Isfahan, watered by the Zāyandarud, is responsible for nearly half of rural activities.
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