Table of Contents

  • IL-KHANIDS iv. Ceramics

    Peter Morgan

    This entry deals with glazed wares and tiles of the so-called “Sultanabad” (Solṭānābād) group, lajvardina (< Pers. lājvard “lapis lazuli”) wares, and luster wares produced in the Il-khanid period. The period extends from the fall of Baghdad in 1258 to the last dated luster tiles made in 1339.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.

  • ILAK-KHANIDS

    Michal Biran

    (or Qara-khanids), the first Muslim Turkic dynasty that ruled in Central Asia from the Tarim basin to the Oxus river, from the mid-late 10th century until the beginning of the 13th.

  • ILĀM i. GEOGRAPHY - ii.

    M. Rezazadeh Shafarudi

    a province, sub-province, and town in western Iran. OVERVIEW of the entry: i. Geography.  ii. History: see LORESTĀN ii.  iii. Population.

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  • ILĀM iii. POPULATION

    Habibollah Zanjani

    According to the first national census of 1956, the present province (ostān) of Ilām used to be a sub-province (šahrestān) of the province of Kermānšāhān.

  • ILĀQ

    Boris A. Litvinsky

    medieval name of an area in what is now Uzbekistan, to the south of Tashkent along the middle reaches of the Syr Darya (Jaxartes) river.

  • ILĀQI, SAYYED ŠARAF-AL-ZAMĀN

    Lutz Richter-Bernburg

    follower of Avicenna and author in medicine, science, and philosophy (d. 1141).

  • ILBĀRS KHAN

    Yuri Bregel

    name of two rulers of Ḵᵛārazm in the 16th and 18th centuries: (1) Ilbārs Khan b. Buräkä (or Bürgä), from the ʿArab-šāhi (q.v.) branch of the Jochids, was the founder of the dynasty which ruled Ḵᵛārazm from 1511 to the end of the 17th century.

  • ILČI

    cross-reference

    See ELČI.

  • ILDEGOZIDS

    cross-reference

    See ATĀBAKĀN-E ĀḎARBĀYJĀN.

  • ILEDONG

    Mauro Maggi

    site in Central Asia of uncertain location, source of a number of Khotanese fragments.

  • ILLUMINATIONISM

    Hossein Ziai

    or Illuminationist philosophy, first introduced in the 12th century as a complete, reconstructed system distinct both from the Peripatetic philosophy  of Avicenna and from theological philosophy.

  • IMĀMIYA

    Cross-reference

    See SHIʿITE DOCTRINE; SHIʿITE DOCTRINE ii. Hierarchy in the Imamiyya.

  • IMMORTALS

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    (Gk. athánatoi), name of a corps of 10,000 Persian élite infantry soldiers in Herodotus, in connection with Xerxes’ campaign against Greece in 480–479 BCE.

  • IMPERIAL BANK OF PERSIA

    Cross-Reference

    See Supplement.

  • INĀLU

    cross-reference

    See ḴAMSA.

  • ÏNĀNČ ḴĀTUN

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    wife of the Atābeg Jahān-Pahlavān Moḥammad (r. 1175-86), the Eldigüzid (or Ildegizid) ruler in Arrān, most of Azerbaijan, and then Jebāl.

  • INCEST AND INBREEDING

    Geert Jan Van Gelder

    Incest and inbreeding are two different but related aspects of marriage and human reproduction.

  • INDIA

    Multiple Authors

    This series of entries covers Indian history and its relations with Iran.

  • INDIA i. Introduction

    Christopher J. Brunner

    This entry presents a series of survey articles on selected areas of interaction and mutual influence between the two culture areas, including overviews of the enormous body of literature produced in India in the Persian language.

  • INDIA ii. Historical Geography

    Pierfrancesco Callieri

    The geographical borders between the Iranian plateau and the Indian subcontinent are well defined by features, such as mountain ranges, which represent the western limits of the Indus River valley.