Table of Contents

• ḤĀJI PIRZĀDA

  Anna Vanzan

  , Moḥammad ʿAli Nāʾini, Persian traveler (d. 1904). His diary follows the convention of the Qajar safar-nāmas in its description of the wonders seen abroad (such as  monuments, museums, transportation systems). A pious and traditional man, he expresses a sincere apprehension for those Iranians abroad whom he felt had forgotten their culture and religion.

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• ḤĀJI VĀŠANGTON

  Hossein Kamaly

  (Washington), epithet for Ḥosaynqoli Khan Moʿtamed-al-Wezāra (later Ṣadr-al-Salṭana; 1849-1937, Persia's first ambassador to the United States (1888–89). In his copious dispatches to Persia he presented, sometimes in minute detail, information about the American political system and society.

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• HAJIABAD

  Philippe Gignoux, EIr

  (Ḥājiābād), site of bilingual inscription of Šāpur I on the wall of a cave near Persepolis. OVERVIEW of the entry: i. The Inscriptions. ii. The Texts.

• HAJIABAD i. INSCRIPTIONS

  Philippe Gignoux

  The Hajiabad inscriptions in Parthian and Middle Persian were discovered in 1818 in a grotto a few kilometers north of Persepolis. This text describes a feat of archery by King Šāpūr I. In the presence of kings and princes, of the grandees and the nobles, the king of kings had shot an arrow beyond a cairn which was not visible and yet constituted the target.

• HAJIABAD ii. THE TEXTS

  EIr

  “This (is) the bowshot of me, the Mazda-worshipping god Shapur, king of kings of Eran and Non-Eran ..."

• ḤĀJIĀNI

  Bruno Nettl

  a guša or subdivision of a mode in the canonic repertory (radif) of Persian classical music.

• HAJJ

  cross-reference

  See PILGRIMAGE, forthcoming online.

• ḤĀJJ SAYYĀḤ

  Ali Ferdowsi

  , Mirzā Moḥammad ʿAli Maḥallāti (ca. 1836-1925), constitutionalist and human rights activist, the first modern Persian to tour the world and the first to become a naturalized U.S. citizen. He was among the first Persians to  actively pursued democratic political reforms in Persia, and he wrote the first modernist Persian book of travels and the first modern prison notebook in Persia.

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• HAJJI BABA OF ISPAHAN

  Abbas Amanat

  hero of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan by James Justinian Morier (3 vols., London, 1824), the most popular Oriental novel in the English language and a highly influential stereotype of the so-called “Persian national character” in modern times. 

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• HAJW

  J. T. P. de Bruijn

  and its synonym hejā, two of the many terms which denote types of humorous writing or light verse in Persian.

• ḤAKAMI

  Mohammad-Mahdi Khalaji

  , Mirzā ʿALI-AKBAR (ca.1848-1925-6), philosopher and theosopher, known in his lifetime as Ḥakim but later referred to as Ḥakami.

• ḤĀKEM

  cross-reference

  See ADMINISTRATION.

• ḤĀKEM BE-AMR-ALLĀH

  Farhad Daftary

  , ABU ʿALI MANṢUR, the sixth Fatimid caliph and sixteenth Ismaʿili Imam (r. 996-1021), arguably the most controversial member of the Fatimid dynasty.

• ḤAKIM ʿALAWI KHAN

  Farid Ghassemlou

  an Iranian physician and author in the service of the Mughal Emperor Moḥammad Shah as his chief physician with the title of Moʾtamen-al-Moluk.  

• ḤAKIM ATĀ

  Devin DeWeese

  a Central Asian Sufi; he is usually named as a direct disciple of Aḥmad Yasavi, and would therefore have lived in the early 13th century.

• ḤAKIM TERMEḎI

  Bernd Radtke

  , ABU ʿABD-ALLĀH MOḤAMMAD b. ʿAli, a prolific mystic author, many of whose writings have survived (b. 820-830, d. 907-12).

• ḤAKIMI, EBRĀHIM

  Abbas Milani and EIr

  (Ḥakim-al-Molk) (1871-1959), Persian statesman, three times prime minister.

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• ḤĀL

  Jean During

  (lit. condition, state), an essential notion in Persian arts, especially music, which is supposed to bring about a meditative state.

• ḤALABI, ABU'L-ṢĀLEḤ

  Etan Kohlberg

  Taqi-al-Din b. Najm-al-Din b. ʿObayd-Allāh b. ʿAbd-Allāh b. Moḥammad (b. 984-85, d. 1055), Imami jurist and theologian.

• ḤALABI, MAḤMUD

  Mahmoud Sadri

  , Shaikh (1900-1998), charismatic cleric and founder of the Ḥojjatiya Association (Anjoman-e Ḥojjatiya), whose primary objective was to meet the polemical challenge of the Bahai faith and the perceived danger of its aggressive missionary activity in Persia. It was terminated after the Islamic revolution of 1979

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