Table of Contents

  • HERODOTUS viii. MARDONIUS ACCORDING TO HERODOTUS

    Robert Rollinger

    After Xerxes’ retreat, Mardonius prepared his offensive on land. He also wanted the higher powers to be on his side.

  • HERODOTUS ix. TIGRANES AND THE BATTLE OF MYCALE

    Robert Rollinger

    After Salamis, the escaped Persian fleet for a while ceased playing any further part. During the winter it was anchored in part at Cyme, and in part before Samos.

  • HERODOTUS x. ARTAYCTES AND THE FINALE

    Robert Rollinger

    After the battle of Mycale, the Greeks advanced as far as the Hellespont, where they found that Xerxes’ bridge was already destroyed.

  • HERODOTUS xi. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

    Robert Rollinger

    This article constitutes a selected biography of Herodotus.

  • HERON

    Cross-Reference

    See BŪTĪMĀR.

  • HERON-ALLEN, EDWARD

    Joan Navarre

    Although Heron-Allen did not have a full formal education, his intellectual curiosity and passion for learning never waned, as illustrated by the long list of hobbies and interests in his entry in Who’s Who.

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  • HERTEL, JOHANNES

    Almut Hintze

    Hertel’s lasting contributions to scholarship are his earlier works on Sanskrit narrative literature and its transmission. They culminated in the publication of a four-volume edition of the Pañcatantra in the Harvard Oriental Series, vols. 11-14 (1908-15). After his appointment to the Indology chair in Leipzig, he turned to Vedic studies and, from 1924, to Avestan.

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  • HERZEGOVINA

    cross-reference

    See BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.

  • HERZFELD, ERNST

    Multiple Authors

    Herzfeld is known as an archeologist, philologist, and polyhistor, one of the towering figures in ancient Near Eastern and Iranian studies during the first half of the 20th century. To him we owe many decisive contributions to Islamic, Sasanian, and Prehistoric archeology and history of Iran, Iraq, and Syria. He was the first professor for Near Eastern archeology in the world.

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  • HERZFELD, ERNST i. LIFE AND WORK

    Stefan R. Hauser

    (1879-1948). In retrospect, Herzfeld was one of the last examples of the all-encompassing, erudite learning of the 19th century humanistic cultural tradition. Herzfeld combined a wide array of talents and interests. 

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  • HERZFELD, ERNST ii. HERZFELD AND PASARGADAE

    David Stronach

    Ernst Herzfeld probably devoted more attention to the study of Achaemenid Iran than to any other single topic. His name will always be associated with Pasargadae, the dynastic seat of Cyrus II (the Great), the founder of the Achaemenid Empire.

  • HERZFELD, ERNST iii. HERZFELD AND PERSEPOLIS

    Hubertus von Gall

    Herzfeld first visited Persepolis in November 1905 during his return from the Assur excavation. He returned to Persepolis during his expedition to Persia, Iraq, and Afghanistan, which lasted from February 1923 to October 1925.

  • HERZFELD, ERNST iv. HERZFELD AND THE PAIKULI INSCRIPTION

    Prods Oktor Skjærvø

    The monument at Paikuli (Pāikūlī) lies on the Iraqi side of the border with Iran on a north-south line drawn from Solaimānīya in Iraq to Qaṣr-e Šīrīn in Persia on the ancient road from Ctesiphon to Azerbaijan.

  • HERZFELD, ERNST v. HERZFELD AND THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT IRAN

    Josef Wiesehöfer

    Herzfeld’s classical education, giving him familiarity with Greek and Latin literature, and his training in Oriental philology as well as in archeology and architectural techniques proved of great benefit in his study of pre-Islamic Iranian history and culture.

  • ḤESĀBI, MAḤMUD

    Hessamaddin Arfaei and Fariborz Majidi

    Mahmud Hesabi worked as an electrical engineer in the Paris railway system. In the meantime, he continued his studies in physics at Paris University, Sorbonne under the noted physicist Aimé Cotton and obtained his doctorate in 1927. His dissertation was on Sensibilité des cellules photoélectriques.

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  • ḤESĀR (1)

    Yuri Bregel

    region in the eastern part of Transoxania, in the upper course of the Sorḵān Daryā (medieval Čaḡānrud) and the Kāfernehān.

  • ḤEṢĀR (2)

    Jean During

    in Persian music, an important section (šāh-guša) in the Persian and Azeri radifs, its name probably originating from the town in Tajikistan.

  • ḤEṢĀR, TEPE

    Cross-Reference

    (Tappa Ḥeṣār), prehistoric site located just south of Dāmḡān in northeastern Persia. See TEPE HISSAR.

  • ḤESBA

    cross-reference

    See MOḤTASEB.

  • HESIOD

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    (Gk. Hēsíodos), Greek epic poet (fl. ca. 700 BCE). By mentioning for the first time the Scythians, Hesiod belongs to the Greek authorities for Iranian matters.