Table of Contents

  • ḤALABI, ABU'L-ṢĀLEḤ

    Etan Kohlberg

    Taqi-al-Din b. Najm-al-Din b. ʿObayd-Allāh b. ʿAbd-Allāh b. Moḥammad (b. 984-85, d. 1055), Imami jurist and theologian.

  • ḤALABI, MAḤMUD

    Mahmoud Sadri

    (1900-1998), Shaikh, charismatic cleric and founder of the Ḥojjatiya Association whose primary objective was to meet the polemical challenge of the Bahai faith and the perceived danger of its aggressive missionary activity in Persia.

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  • ḤALĀL O ḤARĀM

    Dana al-Sajdi

    a pair of Islamic legal terms: ḥalāl meaning permissible, and ḥarām meaning prohibited. Both terms occur in the Koran numerous times.

  • ḤĀLAT, ABU’L-QĀSEM

    Hušang Etteḥād

    Ḥālat is considered by some observers to be the greatest contemporary Persian satirical poet. His enormous success and mastery of satirical prose and, especially, poetry have sometimes earned him the titles of Malek-al-šoʿarāʾ, Sayyed-al-šoʿarāʾ, and Amir-al-šoʿarā.

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  • ḤĀLI, ALṬĀF ḤOSAYN

    Cross-Reference

    See Supplement.

  • HALICARNASSUS

    Bruno Genito

    ancient town of Caria, near the present-day city of Bodrum in Turkey, once seat of a kingdom which was a tributary of Persia.

  • HALIL RUD

    M. H. Ganji

    river in the Jiroft and Kahnuj districts of Kerman Province in southeastern Iran, which stretches a total length of 390 km.

  • ḤALIM

    Etrat Elahi

    a traditional Persian breakfast dish for the winter, now served at lunch and dinner as well, made with lamb and wheat.

  • ḤALIMI, LOṬF-ALLĀH

    Tahsin Yazici

    b. Abi Yusof, an Ottoman poet and lexicographer of Persian origin (d. 1516).

  • ḤALLĀJ, ABU’L-MOḠIṮ ḤOSAYN

    Jawid Mojaddedi

    b. Manṣur b. Maḥammā Bayżāwi (857-922), popularly referred to in Persian literature as “Manṣur-e Ḥallāj,” controversial Arabic-speaking mystic from Fārs, whose execution has been considered a major turning-point in the history of Islamic mysticism.

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