Table of Contents

• ḤALĀL O ḤARĀM

  Dana al-Sajdi

  a pair of Islamic legal terms: ḥalāl meaning permissible, and ḥarām meaning prohibited. Both terms occur in the Koran numerous times.

• ḤĀLAT, ABU’L-QĀSEM

  Hušang Etteḥād

  (1919-1992), poet, writer, translator, songwriter, and scholar.

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• ḤĀLI, ALṬĀF ḤOSAYN

  Cross-Reference

  See Supplement.

• HALICARNASSUS

  Bruno Genito

  ancient town of Caria, near the present-day city of Bodrum in Turkey, once seat of a kingdom which was a tributary of Persia.

• HALIL RUD

  M. H. Ganji

  river in the Jiroft and Kahnuj districts of Kerman Province in southeastern Iran, which stretches a total length of 390 km.

• ḤALIM

  Etrat Elahi

  a traditional Persian breakfast dish for the winter, now served at lunch and dinner as well, made with lamb and wheat.

• ḤALIMI, LOṬF-ALLĀH

  Tahsin Yazici

  b. Abi Yusof, an Ottoman poet and lexicographer of Persian origin (d. 1516).

• ḤALLĀJ, ABU’L-MOḠIṮ ḤOSAYN

  Jawid Mojaddedi

  b. Manṣur b. Maḥammā Bayżāwi (857-922), popularly referred to in Persian literature as “Manṣur-e Ḥallāj,” controversial Arabic-speaking mystic from Fārs, whose execution has been considered a major turning-point in the history of Islamic mysticism.

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• HALLOCK, RICHARD TREADWELL

  Charles E. Jones and Matthew W. Stolper

  (1906-1980), Elamitologist and Assyriologist, whose magnum opus, Persepolis Fortification Tablets, transformed the study of the languages and history of Achaemenid Persia.

• ḤALWĀ

  Etrat Elahi

  (Ar. ḥalwāʾ, Pers. ḥalwā “sweetmeat”), a generic term applied to various kinds of sweet dishes and fruits.