Table of Contents

  • GODIN TEPE

    T. Cuyler Young, Jr.

    or GOWDIN TEPE; an archeological site in the central Zagros, which was occupied from ca. 5,000 to 500 B.C.E. located at 48° 4′ E and 34° 31′ N in the Kangāvar valley, approximately halfway between Hamadān and Kermānšāh.

  • GOEJE, Michael Jan de

    Cross-Reference

    See DE GOEJE.

  • GOETHE INSTITUTE

    H. E. Chehabi

    in Persia and Afghanistan. Named after the celebrated German poet and writer, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), the Goethe Institute was founded in 1951 in Munich as a non-profit organization for training foreign teachers of the German language.

  • GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG von

    Hamid Tafazoli

    (1749-1832), the most renowned poet of German literature, interested in the East and in Islam.

  • ḠOJDOVĀN

    Habib Borjian

    (also Ḡojdavān, Ḡajdovān), town and district in the oasis of Bukhara.

  • ḠOJDOVĀNI

    Cross-Reference

     See ʿABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNI.

  • GÖK TEPE

    Cross-Reference

    See GEOY TEPE.

  • GOKARN

    Cross-Reference

    See HAOMA.

  • GÖKLEN

    Cross-Reference

    See GUKLĀN.

  • GOL

    Hušang Aʿlam

    or gul; rose (Rosa L. spp.) and, by extension, flower, bloom, blossom.

  • GOL ḴĀNĀN MORDA

    Bruno Overlaet

    Three pit graves, of which one was covered with flat stones, were found underneath the Iron Age III tombs. One contained a button base beaker and two comparable beakers were found between the Iron Age III tombs. This indicates the presence of Iron Age I graves at the site.

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  • GOL O BOLBOL

    Layla S. Diba

    lit. “rose and nightingale,” a popular literary and decorative theme. Together, rose and nightingale are the types of beloved and lover par excellence; the rose is beautiful, proud, and often cruel, while the nightingale sings endlessly of his longing and devotion.

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  • GOL-ĀQĀ

    EIr

    a weekly satirical magazine founded by Kayumarṯ Ṣāberi which first began publication on 23 October 1990.

  • GOL-E GĀVZABĀN

    Cross-Reference

    See GĀVZABĀN.

  • GOL-E GOLĀB, ḤOSAYN

    Cross-Reference

    (1895-1985) botanist, musician, poet, scholar, and member of the Farhangestān. See GOL-GOLĀB.

  • GOL-E SORḴI, ḴOSROW

    Cross-Reference

    (1943-1974), poet and revolutionary figure whose defiant stand during his televised show trial, and subsequent execution by firing squad in 1974, enshrined his place in the cultural and political history of modern Persia. See GOLSORḴI.

  • GOL-E ZARD

    Nassereddin Parvin

    literary, socio-satirical newspaper, published 1918-1924.

  • GOL-GOLĀB, ḤOSAYN

    H. Ettehad Baboli

    Among Gol-golāb’s best known songs are “Aḏarābādagān” and “Ey Irān”; the latter has become virtually the national anthem of Persia. Gol-golāb also composed Persian lyrics for the music of Georges Bizet’s Carmen and Charles Gounod’s Faust.

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  • GOLĀB

    Hušang Aʿlam

    rose water, a distillate (ʿaraq) obtained chiefly from the gol-e moḥammadi, the best-known product made from rose petals in Persia, widely used in sherbets, sweetmeats, as a home medicament, and on some religious occasions.

  • GOLĀBI

    Cross-Reference

    See PEAR.