Table of Contents

  • GARDEN v. In Persian Literature

    Cross-Reference

    See BĀḠ iii.

  • GARDEN vi. IN PERSIAN ART

    Lisa Golombek

    For the decorative arts, the “garden carpet” is the quintessential re-creation of the garden, while paintings depict the garden as a setting for events. Vegetal motifs as ornament may be understood as generic allusions to the garden. In special circumstances, these allusions may be viewed as allusions to paradise themes.

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  • GARDĪZ

    Daniel Balland

    (Gardēz), a city in the Solaymān Mountains of eastern Afghanistan, 122 km south of Kabul. The city is situated at 2,300 m above sea-level, in a large intramountainous depression watered by the upper course of the Rūd-e Gardīz.

  • GARDĪZĪ, ABŪ SAʿĪD ʿABD-al-ḤAYY

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    b. Żaḥḥāk b. Maḥmūd, Persian historian of the early 5th/11th century. He was clearly connected with the Ghaznavid court and administration and close to the sultans.

  • GARDŌY

    Cross-Reference

    sister of Bahrām Čōbīn. See Bahrām VI Čōbīn.

  • GARGAR RIVER

    Cross-Reference

    See KĀRŪN RIVER.

  • GARLIC

    Etrat Elahi

    or allium sativum; a species in the onion family Alliaceae used as an ingredient in a variety of Persian dishes mainly as a condiment.

  • GARMAPADA

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    name of the fourth month (June-July) of the Old Persian calendar.

  • GARMSĀR

    Bernard Hourcade

    a region (Qešlāq and Garmsār) in the province of Semnān situated beyond the Caspian Gates, known particularly as a stopover on the great road to Khorasan.

  • GARMSĪR AND SARDSĪR

    Xavier de Planhol

    lit. "warm zones and cold zones"; two terms identifying regional entities that form a major geographical contrast deeply affecting the popular conscience in Persia.