Table of Contents

  • FATALISM

    Based on a longer article by ʿAbd-al-Ḥosayn Zarrīnkūb

    in the Islamic period. The concept of fatalism as commonly used in Islamic philosophy and Persian literature denotes the belief in the pre-ordained Decree of God (qażā wa qadar), according to which whatever happens to human beings or in the whole universe has been pre-determined by the will and knowledge of the Almighty, and that no changes or transformations in it can be made through the agency of the human will.

  • FATĀWĪ-E ʿĀLAMGĪRĪ

    S. H. Qasemi

    abridged Persian translation by Qāżī Najm-al-Dīn Khan Kākorī of a six-volume Arabic work on Hanafite law (ed. Būlāq, 1859) considered the authoritative compendium of religious law, policy, and practice in India.

  • FATE

    Cross-Reference

    See BAḴT; FATALISM; FREE WILL.

  • FĀTEḤ, MOṢṬAFĀ

    Bāqer ʿĀqelī

    (b. Isfahan, 1896; d. London, 1978), a deputy director-general of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and banker.

  • FĀṬEMA

    Jean Calmard

    daughter of the Prophet Moḥammad.

  • FĀṬEMA-SOLṬĀN

    Cross-Reference

    See ANĪS-AL-DAWLA.

  • FĀṬEMĪ, ḤOSAYN

    Fakhreddin Azimi

    Fāṭemī protested against the government rigging of the elections for the Sixteenth Majles with Moṣaddeq, helped to mobilize support, and in October 1949 was one of a delegation selected to accompany Moṣaddeq in a sit-in (bast) at the royal palace protesting the conduct of the elections.

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  • FATḤ

    EIr

    b. ḴĀQĀN (d. 861), famous bibliophile, author, courtier, and official in ʿAbbasid times.

  • FATḤ JANG

    Mehrdad Shokoohy

    or Mīrzā Ebrāhīm (d. 1623-24), a Mughal official. 

  • FATḤ-ʿALĪ ĀḴŪNDZĀDA

    Cross-Reference

    See AḴŪNDZĀDA.

  • FATḤ-ʿALĪ KHAN AFŠAR ARAŠLŪ

    Cross-Reference

    See AFŠĀR.

  • FATḤ-ʿALĪ KHAN QĀJĀR

    ʿABD-AL-ḤOSAYN NAVĀʾĪ

    chief of the Ašāqa-bāš division of the Qajar tribes at Astarābād at the time of the demise of the Safavid dynasty.

  • FATḤ-ʿALĪ SHAH QĀJĀR

    Abbas Amanat

    (1769-1834), second ruler of the Qajar dynasty. He transformed a largely Turkic tribal khanship into a centralized and stable monarchy on the old imperial model which brought to the Guarded Domains of Persia (mamālek-e maḥrūsa-ye Īrān) a period of relative calm and prosperity, secured a state-religious symbiosis, and fostered a period of cultural and artistic revival.

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  • FATḤ-ALLĀH ŠĪRĀZĪ, SAYYED MĪR

    Sharif Husain Qasemi

    a famous sixteenth century Sufi, an official in Mughal India, and one of the most learned men of his time.

  • FATḤ-NĀMA

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    Arabic-Persian term used to denote proclamations and letters announcing victories in battle or the successful conclusion of military campaigns.

  • FATIMIDS

    Farhad Daftary

    relations with Persia. A major Ismaʿili Shiʿite dynasty, the Fatimids founded their own caliphate, in rivalry with the ʿAbbasids, and ruled over different parts of the Islamic world, from North Africa and Sicily to Palestine and Syria.

  • FATTĀḤĪ NĪŠĀBŪRĪ, MOḤAMMAD

    Tahsın Yazici

    b. Yaḥyā Sībak (d. 1448), Persian poet of the Timurid era, born in Nīšāpūr (hence his nesba Nīšābūrī) at an unknown date.

  • FATWĀ

    Hamid Algar

    the authoritative ruling of a religious scholar on questions of Islamic jurisprudence that are either dubious or obscure in nature or which have newly arisen without known precedent.

  • FAUNA i. FAUNA OF PERSIA

    Steven Anderson

    the assemblage of animal species, generally excluding domestic animals, living within a defined geographical area or ecological zone.

  • FAUNA ii, iii. FAUNA OF CENTRAL ASIA

    O. L. Kryzhanovskiĭ

    the assemblage of animal species, generally excluding domestic animals, living within a defined geographical area or ecological zone. OVERVIEW of the entry: i. Fauna of Persia. ii. Fauna of Afghanistan. iii. Fauna of Central Asia.