Table of Contents
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EQBĀL, MANŪČEHR
Ahmad Ashraf
(1909-1977), prime minister 1957-60, minister of the Royal Court, head of National Iranian Oil Company, and professor of medicine. He was regarded as an honest and ascetic man. His authoritarian character, obedience and unswerving loyalty to the shah, and political ambition, made him a trusted aide, but not a popular political figure.
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EQBĀL-AL-SOLṬĀN
Cross-Reference
See EQBĀL ĀḎAR.
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EQBĀL-NĀMA
Cross-Reference
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ʿEQD-AL-ʿOLĀ
Cross-Reference
See AFŻAL-AL-DIN KERMĀNI.
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EQDĀM
Nassereddin Parvin
name of two separate series of a Persian newspaper published and edited in the first half of the twentieth century in Tehran by the journalist, poet, novelist, and translator, ʿAbbās Ḵalīlī.
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EQLĪD
C. Edmund Bosworth
a small town of medieval Fārs, now in the modern rural subdistrict of the same name.
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EQLĪM
Cross-Reference
See CLIME.
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EQṬĀʿ
A. K. S. Lambton
in its various forms one of the most persistent and important tenurial, economic and social institutions of medieval Persia.
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EQTEṢĀD
Cross-Reference
See ECONOMY.
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ĒR, ĒR MAZDĒSN
Gherardo Gnoli
an ethnonym, like Old Persian ariya- and Avestan airya-, meaning “Aryan” or “Iranian.”
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ERĀDA-YE MELLĪ
Pīrāya Yaḡmāʾī
lit. "national will"; a pro-British political party founded on 19 January 1944 by Sayyed Żīāʾ al-Dīn Ṭabāṭabāʾī (1891-1969), a devout anglophile politician and journalist.
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ĒRĀN, ĒRĀNŠAHR
D. N. MacKenzie
ērānšahr properly denotes the empire, while ērān signifies “of the Iranians.”
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ĒRĀN-ĀMĀRGAR
Cross-Reference
See ĀMĀRGAR.
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ĒRĀN-ĀSĀN-KERD-KAWĀD
Rika Gyselen
lit. "Kawād [has] made Ērān peaceful"; name of a Sasanian province (šahr) created by Kawād I (r. 488-531).
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ĒRĀN-ŠĀD-KAWĀD
Rika Gyselen
name of a Sasanian town occurring in post-Sasanian sources only.
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ĒRĀN-ŠAHR
Cross-Reference
See ĒRĀN.
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ĒRĀN-WĒZ
D. N. MacKenzie
the Middle Persian designation of the territory of the Aryans.
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ĒRĀN-WIN(N)ĀRD-KAWĀ
Rika Gyselen
lit. "Kawād[has] arranged Ērān"; name of a Sasanian province (šahrestān) created by Kawād I (r. 488-531) in his reorganization of the empire.
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ĒRĀN-XWARRAH-ŠĀBUHR
Rika Gyselen
lit. "Ērān, glory of Šāpūr"; Sasanian province (šahrestān) containing Susa and probably created by Šāpūr II (r. 309-379).
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ĒRĀN-XWARRAH-YAZDGERD
Rika Gyselen
lit. "Ērān, glory of Yazdegerd"; Sasanian province probably created by Yazdegerd II (438-457).