Table of Contents

• BRASS

  cross-reference

  See BERENJ.

• BRAZIER

  Asadullah Souren Melikian-Chirvani, Jaʿfar Šahrī

  two distinct types of utensil traditionally used in Iran. One type is a closed container on legs, a kind of stove that holds slowly burning coals for heating.

• BRAZMANIY(A)

  cross-reference

  See AŠA ii.

• BREAD

  Hélène Desmet-Grégoire

  Persian nān. In modern Iran bread is the dietary staple food for the population and accounts, on the average, for 70 percent of the daily caloric intake.

• BRĒLVĪ

  cross-reference

  See BARĒLVĪ.

• BREST-LITOVSK TREATY

  Joseph A. Kechichian

  treaty signed by the Central Powers and Soviet Russia on 3 March 1918 that was consequential in the history of modern Iran.

• BRETON, LE

  Cross-Reference

  See LE BRETON.

• BRICK

  Guitty Azarpay

  blocks of tempered mud, either sun-dried (ḵešt) or baked in a kiln (ājor), the traditional building material in most of Iran. It has customarily been made from a mixture of water-soaked earth (gel-čāl), straw, and chaff.

• BRICKS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRY

  Willem Floor

  IN IRAN Iran is rich in clay, marl, feldspar, silicate, limestone, gypsum, bentonite, talc, kaolin, quartz, and many other minerals, including a large variety of mineral oxides.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• BRIDGES

  Dietrich Huff, Wolfram Kleiss

  (Pers. pol, Mid. Pers. pohl, Av. pərətu-). i. Pre-Islamic bridges. ii. Bridges in the Islamic period. Bridges may have existed in the Iranian highlands as monuments of vernacular architecture since prehistoric times.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.