Table of Contents

• BADR-AL-DĪN SERHENDĪ

  Y. Friedmann

  (b. ca. 1593-94), a Sufi author, translator, and disciple of Aḥmad Serhendī.

• BADR-AL-DĪN TABRĪZĪ

  H. Crane

  architect and savant active in Konya in Anatolia during the third quarter of the 13th century. 

• BĀDRANG

  Cross-Reference

  See BĀLANG; CITRUS FRUITS.

• BADRĪ KAŠMĪRĪ

  Z. Safa

  Persian poet in India in the second half of the 16th century.

• BĀDRŪDI

  E. Yarshater

  one of the local dialects of the Kāšān region, spoken in Bādrūd, a dehestān (rural district) of Naṭanz.

• BĀDŪSPĀN

  X. de Planhol

  in medieval geography, a mountainous district of northern Iran on the Caspian side of the Alborz mountains, in Ṭabarestān (Māzandarān).

• BADUSPANIDS

  W. Madelung

  a dynasty ruling Rūyān and Rostamdār from the late 11th to the 16th century with the title of ostandār and later of king.

• BĀFQ

  C. E. Bosworth

  a small oasis town of central Iran (altitude 1,004 m) on the southern fringe of the Dašt-e Kavīr, 100 km southeast of Yazd in the direction of Kermān.

• BĀFQĪ, MOḤAMMAD-TAQĪ

  H. Algar

  , AYATOLLAH (1875-1946), a religious scholar known for his forthright opposition to Reżā Shah Pahlavī.

• BĀḠ (BAGH)

  Multiple Authors

  “garden.”  In Iranian agriculture, the word bāḡ means, more precisely, an enclosed area bearing permanent cultures— all kinds of cultivated trees and shrubs, as opposed to fields under annual crops.

• BĀḠ i. Etymology

  W. Eilers

  Bāḡ, the Middle and New Persian word for “garden,” as also the Sogdian βāγ, strictly meant “piece” or “patch of land.”

• BĀḠ ii. General

  M. Bazin

  The most conspicuous and best-known form is the irrigated gardens of old sedentary settlements (piedmont oases and mountain villages) in interior Iran and Afghanistan.

  This Article Has Images/Tables.

• BĀḠ iii. In Persian Literature

  W. L. Hanaway

  Bāḡ appears both as an object of description and as the prime source of nature imagery in Persian literature. 

• BĀḠ iv. In Afghanistan

  N. H. Dupree

  The people inhabiting this land have cherished all forms of gardens, which have become an integral part of Afghan culture.

• BAG NASK

  P. O. Skjærvø

  one of the Avestan nasks of the gāhānīg group, that is, texts connected with the Gāθās; it is now lost almost in its entirety. This nask is listed in the survey of the Avesta in Dēnkard 8.1.9.

• BĀḠ-E BĀLĀ

  cross-reference

  See BĀḠ iv.

• BĀḠ-E ERAM

  K. Afsar

  a famous and beautiful garden at Shiraz. Its site was formerly on the northwestern fringe of the city but is now well inside the greatly expanded urban area.

• BĀḠ-E FĪN

  ʿA.-A. Saʿīdī Sīrjānī

  garden southwest of the city of Kāšān, where subterranean waters from the Dandāna and Haft Kotal mountains emerge to form the Fīn springs.

• BĀḠ-E GOLESTĀN

  cross-reference

  See GOLESTĀN PALACE.

• BĀḠ-E JAHĀNNĀMA

  cross-reference

  See SHIRAZ.