Table of Contents

  • BRASS

    cross-reference

    See BERENJ.

  • BRAZIER

    Asadullah Souren Melikian-Chirvani, Jaʿfar Šahrī

    two distinct types of utensil traditionally used in Iran. One type is a closed container on legs, a kind of stove that holds slowly burning coals for heating.

  • BRAZMANIY(A)

    cross-reference

    See AŠA ii.

  • BREAD

    Hélène Desmet-Grégoire

    Persian nān. In modern Iran bread is the dietary staple food for the population and accounts, on the average, for 70 percent of the daily caloric intake.

  • BRĒLVĪ

    cross-reference

    See BARĒLVĪ.

  • BREST-LITOVSK TREATY

    Joseph A. Kechichian

    treaty signed by the Central Powers and Soviet Russia on 3 March 1918 that was consequential in the history of modern Iran.

  • BRETON, LE

    Cross-Reference

    See LE BRETON.

  • BRICK

    Guitty Azarpay

    blocks of tempered mud, either sun-dried (ḵešt) or baked in a kiln (ājor), the traditional building material in most of Iran. It has customarily been made from a mixture of water-soaked earth (gel-čāl), straw, and chaff.

  • BRICKS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRY

    Willem Floor

    IN IRAN Iran is rich in clay, marl, feldspar, silicate, limestone, gypsum, bentonite, talc, kaolin, quartz, and many other minerals, including a large variety of mineral oxides.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.

  • BRIDGES

    Dietrich Huff, Wolfram Kleiss

    (Pers. pol, Mid. Pers. pohl, Av. pərətu-). i. Pre-Islamic bridges. ii. Bridges in the Islamic period. Bridges may have existed in the Iranian highlands as monuments of vernacular architecture since prehistoric times.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.

  • BRITAIN

    cross-reference

    See ANGLO-IRANIAN RELATIONS; GREAT BRITAIN.

  • BRỊTʾIATỊ (COPANỊ FỊRT) ELBỊZDỊQO

    Fridrik Thordarson

    (Russian: Elbyzdyko Britaev), playwright regarded as the founder of Ossetic drama(1881-1923). His first plays (two short comedies) were published in 1905.

  • BRITISH COUNCIL

    EIr

    : activities in Iran 1942-79. The first British Council representative was appointed to Iran in 1942. The priority was English language teaching, and by 1944 the Council was teaching over 4,000 students.

  • BRITISH MUSEUM and BRITISH LIBRARY

    Cross-Reference

    See Supplement.

  • BRITISH PETROLEUM

    cross-reference

    See ANGLO-PERSIAN OIL COMPANY.

  • BROACH

    cross-reference

    See BHARUCHAS.

  • BROAD BEANS

    Cross-Reference

    See BĀQELĀ.

  • BROADBEAN

    cross-reference

    See BĀQELĀ.

  • BROCHT

    cross-reference

    See QEŠM.

  • BROCKELMANN, CARL

    Rudolph Sellheim

    German orientalist (1868-1956).During a long and serene life as a scholar Brock­elmann produced a wealth of fundamental publications. His monumental output represents the unity of Oriental studies in his time.