Table of Contents

  • BARĀQ KHAN

    cross-reference

    See NOWRŪZ AḤMAD KHAN.

  • BARAQĪ

    H. Algar

    ḴᵛĀJA ʿABD-ALLĀH, 12th-century Sufi of Bukhara.

  • BARAŠNOM

    M. Boyce

    the chief Zoroastrian purification rite, consisting of a triple cleansing, with gōmēz (cow’s urine), dust, and water, followed by nine nights’ seclusion.

  • BARĀ’A

    E. Kohlberg

    an Imami theological term denoting dissociation from the enemies of the imams. During the conflict between ʿAlī and Moʿāwīa, formulas of dissociation were used by both parties.

  • BĀRBAD

    A. Tafażżolī

    minstrel-poet of the court of the Sasanian king Ḵosrow II Parvēz (r. 591-628 A.D.).

  • BARBARO, GIOSAFAT

    A. M. Piemontese

    Venetian merchant, traveler, and diplomat (1413-94), appointed Venetian ambassador to Persia (1473-78); author of a travel account.

  • BARBAṬ

    J. During

    the prototype of a family of short-necked lutes characterized by a rather flat, pear-shaped sound box.

  • BARBERRY

    EIr

    (zerešk; Berberis spp., family Berberidaceae). Species of this genus are found in the northern, eastern, and southeastern highlands of Iran.

  • BARBIER DE MEYNARD, CHARLES ADRIEN CASIMIR

    Ch. Pellat

    French orientalist (1826-1908). Among his works, the Tableau littéraire du Khorassan and Dictionnaire géographique attest the excellence of his Persian scholarship.

  • BARD-E BAL

    L. Vanden Berghe

    a necropolis excavated in 1969-70 by the Belgian archeological mission in Iran, Īlām Province.