Table of Contents

  • BONYĀD-E FARHANG-E ĪRĀN

    Aḥmad Tafażżolī

    The "Iranian Culture Foundation" was established 16 September 1964.

  • BONYĀD-E MOSTAŻʿAFĀN

    cross-reference

    See MOSTAZ­AFAN FOUNDATION.

  • BONYĀD-E PAHLAVĪ

    cross-reference

    See PAHLAVI FOUNDATION.

  • BONYĀD-E ŠĀH-NĀMA-YE FERDOWSĪ

    Aḥmad Tafażżolī

    a research institute, 1971-78,  intended for preparation of a new critical edition of the Šāh-nāma.

  • BONYĀD-E ŠAHĪD

    EIr

    (Martyrs’ Foundation), a non-profit organization established on 12 March 1980 by order of Imam Ḵomeynī, to care for the veterans of the revolution and the dependents of those who had died in it.

    This Article Has Images/Tables.

  • BOOK OF ZAMBASTA

    Ronald E. Emmerick

    a Khotanese poem on Buddhism. It is the longest indigenous literary compo­sition in the Khotanese language and played a crucial role in the decipherment of the Khotanese language.

  • BOOKBINDING (article 1)

    Duncan Haldane

    (tajlīd, ṣaḥḥāfī) in Iran at first followed the pattern of previous Near Eastern book covers, but subsequently Persian craftsmen developed new types.

  • BOOKBINDING (article 2)

    Iraj Afshar

    (ṣaḥḥāfi, jeld-sāzi), the traditional craft of binding new books and decorating the cover with embossed or painted designs, or of repairing worn out volumes by restoring their cover.

  • BOQʿA

    Hamid Algar

    the mausoleum of a sacred or revered personage, sometimes taken to include additional structures adjoining the tomb or the open space surrounding it.

  • BORAGE

    cross-reference

    See GĀV-ZABĀN.

  • BŌRĀN

    Marie Louise Chaumont

    (Pers. Pōrān, Pūrān), Sasanian queen ca. 630-31, daughter of Ḵosrow II (r. 590, 591-628). There are extant coins of Bōrān dated from the first, second, and third years of her reign.

  • BORĀQ

    Bertold Spuler

    ruler of the Chaghatay khanate in Transoxiana (1266-71), a great-grandson of Jengiz Khan and a son of Yesün-Toʾa.

  • BORĀQ, ḤĀJEB

    cross-reference

    See QOṬLOQḴĀNĪYA (Kermān).

  • BORĀZJĀN

    ʿAlī-Akbar Saʿīdī Sīrjānī

    town and county (šahrestān) in Bushehr Province in southern Iran. The present town came into being in the late 12th/18th century.

  • BORHĀN BALḴĪ

    Zabihollah Safa

    , BORHĀN-AL-DĪN MOẒAFFAR b. Šams b. ʿAlī b. Ḥamīd-al-Dīn, a poet of the 14th century from Balḵ. He was descended from Ebrāhīm b. Adham, the renowned Iranian Sufi of the 2nd/8th century. 

  • BORHĀN NAFĪS

    Zabihollah Safa

    : BORHĀN-AL-DĪN NAFĪS b. ʿEważ b. Ḥakīm Kermānī, a physician of great renown in the 15th century.

  • BORHĀN, MOḤAMMAD-ḤOSAYN

    cross-reference

    See BORHĀN-E QĀṬEʿ.

  • BORHĀN-AL-DĪN MOḤAQQEQ TERMEḎĪ

    cross-reference

    See MOḤAQQEQ TERMEḎĪ.

  • BORHĀN-AL-DĪN NASAFĪ

    Wilferd Madelung

    , ABU’L-FAŻĀʾEL MOḤAMMAD b. Moḥammad b. Moḥammad b. ʿAbd-Allāh (d. 1288), Hanafite theologian, logician, and expert on legal points of disagreement (ḵelāf) and dialectic (jadal).

  • BORHĀN-AL-DĪN, ḴᵛĀJA ABŪ NAṢR FATḤ-ALLĀH

    F. R. C. Bagley

    a vizier (d. 1358) eulogized by Ḥāfeẓ in two ḡazals (nos. 374 and 478).