Table of Contents

• ATHENAIOS OF NAUCRATIS

  J. Duchesne-Guillemin

  author of the Deipnosophistai, his only extant work, in which in about a hundred passages he deals with things Persian.

• AṮĪR AḴSĪKATĪ

  Z. Safa

  Poet of the 6th/12th century with a distinctive style.

• AṮĪR OWMĀNĪ

  Z. Safa

  Poet of the ʿErāqī (western Iranian) school of the 7th/13th century (d. 665/1266).

• AṮĪR-AL-DĪN ABHARĪ

  Cross-Reference

  See ABHARĪ SAMARQANDĪ, AṮĪR-AL-DĪN.

• ATKINSON, James A.

  A. Karimi-Hakkak

  (1780­-1852), a notable British orientalist, a scholar of the Persian language and literature, and the translator of Persia literature.

• ATOSSA

  R. Schmitt

  Achaemenid queen.

• ʿAṬR

  F. Aubaile-Sallenave

  “perfume” (Arabic ʿeṭr, plur. ʿoṭūr; in Persian also ʿaṭrīyāt, perfumes), a Semitic term also attested in Syriac and Amharic.

• ATRAK

  C. E. Bosworth

  river of northern Khorasan, flowing first northwest, and then southwest into the Caspian Sea.

• ĀΘRAVAN-

  M. Boyce

  (Avestan) “priest” regularly used to designate the priests as a social “class,” one of the three into which ancient Iranian society was theoretically divided.

• ĀTRƎVAXŠ

  W. W. Malandra

  (Mid. Pers ādurwaxš), one of the eight Zoroastrian priests (ratu) necessary for performance of the yasna ritual.