Table of Contents
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ANCIENT LETTERS
N. Sims-Williams
The group consists of five almost complete letters and a number of fragments of similar letters. Each letter was folded several times and bore the names of the sender and addressee on the outside. Most were tied with string; one letter was wrapped in silk and enclosed in an envelope of coarse cloth addressed to Samarkand.
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ʿANDALIB, NĀṢER MOḤAMMAD
A. Schimmel
Sufi writer (b. in Delhi 1105/1693-94, d. 1172/1759).
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ANDĀMEŠ
Cross-Reference
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ANDARĀB
C. E. Bosworth
or ANDARĀBA, the name of a river and a town situated upon it in northern Afghanistan.
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ANDARĪMĀN
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh
the name of a number of Turanian heroes in the Šāh-nāma.
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ANDARUN
M. A. Djamalzadeh
or ANDARŪNĪ (inside), the private quarters of well-to-do houses in contrast to bīrūnī. the public rooms usually reserved for men.
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ANDARWAYWAZĪG
C. J. Brunner
Middle Persian term for “acrobat, tumbler” (lit. “one who plays in the air”).
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ANDARZ
S. Shaked, Z. Safa
“precept, instruction, advice”: the literary genre in pre-Islamic and New Persian literatures.
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ANDARZBAD
M. L. Chaumont
Sasanian administrative title meaning “chief advisor” for a city.
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ANDARZGAR
J. P. Asmussen
Mid. Pers. term, “counselor, teacher.”
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ANDEJĀN
C. E. Bosworth
town in in the medieval Islamic province of Farḡāna, modern Russian Andizhan, in the easternmost part of the in the easternmost part of Uzbekistan.
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ANDIJAN UPRISING
Anke von Kuegelgen
On the night of 9 Muḥarram 1316/30 May 1898, a group of about 2,000 poorly armed men attacked the 4th and 5th Russian Companies on the outskirts of Andijan under the leadership of the Naqšbandi Sufi Shaykh Dukči Išān (Muḥammad ʿAli Madali, ca. 1856-1898).
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ANDĪMEŠK
X. De Planhol
(also ANDĀMEŠ, ANDĀLMEŠK), the name of medieval Dezfūl.
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ANDḴŪY
D. N. Wilber
a commercial town in northwestern Afghanistan.
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ANDRAGORAS
R. N. Frye
Seleucid satrap of Parthia and Hyrcania, known primarily from his coins.
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ANDREAS, FRIEDRICH CARL
W. Lentz, D. N. MacKenzie, B. Schlerath
German Iranologist (1846-1930).
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ANĒRĀN
Ph. Gignoux
“non-Iran,” Middle Persian ethno-linguistic term generally used pejoratively to denote a political and religious enemy of Iran and Zoroastrianism.
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ANGAJĪ, ḤĀJJ MĪRZĀ ABŪ’L-ḤASAN
H. Algar
(1282-1357/1865-1939), a leading moǰtahed of Tabrīz, politically active during both the Constitutional Revolution and the reign of Reżā Shah.
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ANGALYŪN
J. P. Asmussen
Persian rendering of the title of the Gospel of Mani.
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ANGIOLELLO, GIOVANNI MARIA
A. M. Piemontese
(or DEGLI ANGIOLELLO) (1451-ca. 1525), Venetian adventurer, merchant, and author of an important historical report on the Aq Qoyunlū and early Safavid Persia.