Table of Contents

• ARTAXIAS I

  J. Russell

  reigned 189-160 B.C., founder of the Artaxiad dynasty in Greater Armenia.

• ARTAZOSTRE

  J. Kellens

  a daughter of Darius the Great.

• ARTEMBARĒS

  M. A. Dandamayev

  Old Iranian proper name * Ṛtam-para-, meaning “who encourages the order.”

• ARTEMISIA

  Rüdiger Schmitt

  queen of the Achaemenid province of Caria.

• ARTEMITA IN APOLLONIATIS

  M. L. Chaumont

  city of the Parthian period in eastern Iraq.

• ARTĒŠTĀR

  W. Sundermann

  a learned calque on and translation of the Avestan raθaēštā.

• ARTĒŠTĀRĀN SĀLĀR

  W. Sundermann

  “chief of the warriors,” a high-ranking title in Sasanian times. 

• ARTHROPODS

  ʿA. Aḥmadī and R. G. Tuck, Jr.

  or ARTHROPODA, largest and undoubtedly most diverse animal phylum, comprising an estimated seventy-five to eighty percent of all known species in the kingdom; representatives of both major extant subdivisions occur within Iran.

• ARTOXARES

  M. Dandamayev

  a Paphlagonian eunuch at the court of Artaxerxes I and satrap of Armenia.

• ARTSRUNI

  C. Toumanoff

  one of the most important princely families of Armenia, an offshoot of the Orontids, Achaemenian satraps and subsequently kings of Armenia, but claiming descent from Sennacherib of Assyria.