Table of Contents
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ANTHROPOMORPHISM
J. Duchesne-Guillemin
in Iranian religions. Ahura Mazdā in the Gāthās was conceived of, although invisible and immortal, as of human form, with eyes, hands, and tongue; but he was of gigantic size.
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ANTI-ALBORZ
B. Hourcade
the highland between Tehran and Semnān on the southern flank of the central Alborz range.
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ANTIA, EDULJI KERSASPJI
K. M. JamaspAsa and M. Boyce
(1842-1913/1212-83 yazdegerdi), Parsi scholar, born of priestly stock in Navsari in Gujarat.
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ANTIOCH (1)
M. L. Chaumont
town in northern Syria founded in 300 B.C. by Seleucus I Nicator. It was the capital of the Seleucids and became one of the main centers of caravan traffic.
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ANTIOCH (2)
J. Hansman
city name given to a number of Seleucid foundations.
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ANTIOCHUS
D. Bing, J. Sievers
name of thirteen kings of the Seleucid dynasty, several of whom were active in Iran.
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ANTIOCHUS OF COMMAGENE
G. Widengren
(full title: Theos Dikaios Epiphanes Philoromaios Philhellen, Theos signifying his divinity), 1st-century BC Seleucid ruler.
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ANTONY, MARK
M. L. Chaumont
Roman general (ca. 82-30 B.C.). Following the defeat of Crassus at Carrhae (Ḥarrān) in 53 B.C., the Roman leadership sought a war of revenge. Mark Antony became master of the East through a pact with Octavian (the future Augustus) in 40 B.C., he began preparations for a campaign against the Parthians.
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ANŪŠA MOḤAMMAD
G. L. Penrose
B. ABU’L-ḠĀZĪ, ABU’L-MOẒAFFAR, Khan of Ḵīva 1663-87.
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ANUŠAWAN
J. R. Russell
grandson of Ara, legendary king of Armenia, called sawsanuēr “devoted to the plane tree.”