Table of Contents
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ARƎJAṰ.ASPA
cross-reference
See ARJĀSP.
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ʿĀREŻ
C. E. Bosworth
the official in medieval eastern Islamic states who had charge of the administrative side of the military forces, being especially concerned with payment, recruitment, training, and inspection.
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ARFAʿ, ḤASAN
F. Azimi
Iranian general, born in Tiflis in 1895, the eldest son of the veteran diplomat Prince Reżā Arfaʿ.
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ARG
J. R. Perry
Its etymology is obscure: the term appears in Middle Persian only in the compound argbed a military rank and, though evidently in use, does not occur frequently in New Persian before the early 17th century. It is used also by Persian writers of Central Asia and northern India to designate the fortress of a city.
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ARG-E ʿALĪŠĀH
K. Afsar
the remains of the Masǰed-e ʿAlīšāh, a colossal mosque built in Tabrīz.
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ARG-E KARĪM KHAN
K. Afsar
citadel built by the Zand ruler Karīm Khan (1163-93/1750-79).
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ARG-E TEHRĀN
Cross-Reference
See TEHRAN.
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ARḠANDĀB
D. Balland
the name of two non-contiguous administrative districts (woloswālī) in Afghanistan.
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ARḠANDĀB RIVER
D. Balland
a river in the south of Afghanistan, the biggest tributary of the Helmand. The present name, in the form Āb-e Arḡand, is attested from the 7th/13th century.
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ARGBED
M. L. Chaumont
a high-ranking title in the Parthian and Sasanian period.
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ARḠŪN
Cross-Reference
See ABU’L-QĀSEM SOLṬĀN.
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ARḠŪN ĀQĀ
P. Jackson
a Mongol administrator in Iran (d. 1275).
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ARḠŪN KHAN
P. Jackson
fourth il-khan of Iran (r.683-90/1284-91).
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ARIA
R. Schmitt
region in the eastern part of the Persian empire.
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ARIABIGNES
A. Sh. Shahbazi
an Achaemenid prince.
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ARIAEUS
A. Sh. Shahbazi
military commander in the army of Cyrus the Younger.
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ARIARAMNEIA
A. Sh. Shahbazi
a city in Cappadocia mentioned in an inscription.
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ARIARAMNES
Cross-Reference
See ARIYĀRAMNA.
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ARIARATUS
C. J. Brunner
one of the three sons of the Achaemenid King Artaxerxes II.
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ARIMANIUS
Cross-Reference
Latin form of AHRIMAN.