Table of Contents
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ARTĒŠTĀRĀN SĀLĀR
W. Sundermann
“chief of the warriors,” a high-ranking title in Sasanian times.
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ARTHROPODS
ʿA. Aḥmadī and R. G. Tuck, Jr.
or ARTHROPODA, largest and undoubtedly most diverse animal phylum, comprising an estimated seventy-five to eighty percent of all known species in the kingdom; representatives of both major extant subdivisions occur within Iran.
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ARTOXARES
M. Dandamayev
a Paphlagonian eunuch at the court of Artaxerxes I and satrap of Armenia.
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ARTSRUNI
C. Toumanoff
one of the most important princely families of Armenia, an offshoot of the Orontids, Achaemenian satraps and subsequently kings of Armenia, but claiming descent from Sennacherib of Assyria.
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ARTYPHIOS
A. Sh. Shahbazi
or ARTYBIOS, Greek rendering of an Old Persian name.
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ARTYSTONE
R. Schmitt
Persian female personal name.
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ARUKKU
M. Dandamayev
a son of Cyrus I, king of Parsumaš and grandfather of Cyrus the Great.
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ʿARŪSĪ
A. Betteridge
the secular wedding celebration which follows the wedding contract ceremony (ʿaqd).
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ʿARŪŻ
L. P. Elwell-Sutton
the metrical system used by the Arab poets since pre-Islamic times.
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ʿARŪŻĪ, YŪSOF
Z. Safa
rhetorician and poet of the 4th/10th century.
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ARVAND GUŠNASP
D. M. Lang
Sasanian marzbān of Georgia under Ḵosrow I.
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ARVAND-RŪD
M. Kasheff
name given to the river Tigris in some passages in the Mid. Pers. books.
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ARYA
H. W. Bailey
an ethnic epithet in the Achaemenid inscriptions and in the Zoroastrian Avestan tradition.
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ARYAMAN
Cross-Reference
See AIRYAMAN.
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ĀRYĀMEHR
Cross-Reference
See MOḤAMMAD REŻA SHAH PAHLAVI.
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ĀRYĀNĀ
ʿA. Ḥabībī
Bulletin of the Historical Society of Afghanistan.
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ARYANA VAĒJAH
Cross-Reference
See ĒRĀN-WĒZ.
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ARYANDES
A. Sh. Shahbazi
Achaemenid satrap of Egypt.
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ARYANPUR, AMIR-HOSAYN
MEHRDAD MASHAYEKHI
noted engagé intellectual, scholar, and educator of the 20th century Iran.
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ARYANS
R. Schmitt
self designation of the peoples of Ancient India and Ancient Iran who spoke Aryan languages. Aryan is thus basically a linguistic concept, denoting the closely related Indo-Aryan and Iranian languages .
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ʿARŻ, DĪVĀN-E
C. E. Bosworth
the department of the administration which, in the successor states to the ʿAbbasid caliphate in the Islamic East, looked after military affairs, such as the recruitment and discharge of soldiers, their pay allotments, etc.
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ARZAN
M. Bazin
"millet." The main species of millet probably originate from the Far East and seem to have been introduced into Iran from India.
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ARŽANG
J. P. Asmussen
an extra-canonical work of Mani.
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ARZĀNI, MOḤAMMAD AKBAR
Fabrisio Speziale
an Indian author of works on medicine.
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ARZENJĀN
C. E. Bosworth
or ERZENJĀN, a town of northeastern Anatolia.
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ĀRZŪ
M. Siddiqi
Major Indo-Muslim poet, lexicographer and litterateur (b. at Gwalior or Agra 1099/1687-88 or 1101/1689-90).
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ARZU (Article 2)
Cross-Reference
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ARZŪR
J. P. Asmussen
Mid. Pers. form of Avestan Arəzūra-, the name of a demon of unclear origin or function in Zoroastrian tradition.
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Am~ CAPTIONS OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Cross-Reference
list of all the figure and plate images in the Am–Ar entries