Table of Contents

• AHL-E BAYT

  I. K. A. Howard

  (Ahl al-Bayt), the “family of the house” or “household,” i.e., of the Prophet. 

• AHL-E ḠARQ

  Nasrin Raḥimieh

  (The drowned, 1990), best-known novel of Moniru Ravanipur.

• AHL-E ḤAQQ

  H. Halm

  “People of (the absolute) Truth,” a sect found in western Persia and some regions of northeastern Iraq; the name has also been adopted by other Islamic sects (Noṣayrīs, Ḥorūfīs) and appears to be rooted in the tradition of the extremist Shiʿites (ḡolāt).

• AHL-E HAQQ ii. INITIATION RITUAL

  M. Reza Fariborz Hamzeh’ee

  The initiation ritual is one of the most important institutions in the tradition of Ahl-e Ḥaqq.

• AHLAW

  Ph. Gignoux

  (Ahlav; written ʾhlwb), a middle Persian term which plays a fundamental role in Mazdean soteriology and which is usually translated as “just.”

• AHLĪ ŠĪRĀZĪ

  W. Thackston

  poet (858/1454?-942/1535).

• AHLOMŌG

  C. J. Brunner

  Middle Persian form of Younger Avestan ašəmaoγa- “one who produces confusion of Truth,” a term applied to Iranian priests who deviated from Zoroastrian doctrine.

• AḤMAD ʿALAWĪ

  H. Corbin

  philosopher and author in Persian and Arabic (d. between 1054/1644 and 1060/1650). 

• AḤMAD ʿALĪ HĀŠEMĪ SANDĪLAVĪ

  S. S. Alvi

   Indo-Persian litterateur (b. 1162/1748-49 in Sandila, a town near Lucknow; d. after 1224/1809).

• AḤMAD B. ʿABDALLĀH

  H. Halm

  (3rd/9th century), son of the supposed founder of Ismaʿili doctrine and grandfather of the first Fatimid caliph, Mahdī.

• AḤMAD B. ASAD

  C. E. Bosworth

  (d. 250/864), early member of the Samanid family and governor of Farḡāna under the ʿAbbasids and Taherids.

• AḤMAD B. AYYŪB

  A. A. Kalantarian

  7th-8th/13th-14th Azerbaijani architect, one of the best representatives of the architectural school of Naḵǰavān.

• AḤMAD B. AYYŪB ḤĀFEẒ

  A. A. Kalantarian

  7th-8th/13th-14th architect from the city of Naḵǰavān. He constructed in Barda (Bardaʿa) a mausoleum, completed in 722/1322 according to the building inscription. 

• AḤMAD B. BAHBAL

  Hameed ud-Din

  Mughal historian and author of a Persian work, Maʿdan-e aḵbār-e Aḥmadī, also known as Maʿdan-e aḵbār-e Jahāngīrī. 

• AḤMAD B. FAŻLĀN

  C. E. Bosworth

  author of an extremely important travel narrative written after he had been a member of an embassy in the early 4th/10th century from the ʿAbbasid caliphate to the ruler of the Bulghars on the middle Volga in Russia.

• AḤMAD B. ḤOSAYN

  İ. Aka

  historian of the 9th/15th century born in Yazd, author of the Tārīḵ-e ǰadīd-e Yazd. 

• AḤMAD B. JAʿFAR

  D. M. Dunlop

  poet, man of letters, musician, wit, and bon vivant at the court of several ʿAbbasid caliphs, hence sometimes called al-Nadīm.

• AḤMAD B. MOḤAMMAD

  C. E. Bosworth

  (r. 311-52/923-63), amir in Sīstān of the Saffarid dynasty (that part of it sometimes called “the second Saffarid dynasty”).

• AḤMAD B. MOḤAMMAD B. ṬĀHER

  C. E. Bosworth

  governor in Ḵᵛārazm and son of the last Tahirid governor in Khorasan. 

• AḤMAD B. NEẒĀM-AL-MOLK

  C. E. Bosworth

  (d. 1149-50), son of the well-known Saljuq vizier (d. 485/1092) and himself vizier for the Great Saljuqs and then for the ʿAbbasid caliphs.