Table of Contents

  • AḴTAR-E KĀVĪĀN

    Cross-Reference

    See DERAFŠ-E KĀVĪĀN.

  • ĀḴŪND

    H. Algar

    (or ĀḴᵛOND), a word of uncertain etymology with the general meaning of religious scholar. Various Persian origins have been proposed for the word.

  • AḴŪND ḴORĀSĀNĪ

    A. Hairi, S. Murata

    (1255-1329/1839-1911), Shiʿite religious leader.

  • ĀḴŪND, ḤĀJJ

    Cross-Reference

    See ʿALĪ AKBAR ŠAHMĪRZĀDĪ.

  • ĀḴŪNDZĀDA

    H. Algar

    (in Soviet usage, AKHUNDOV), Azerbaijani playwright and propagator of alphabet reform (1812-78).

  • AKVĀN-E DĪV

    DJ. Khaleghi-Motlagh

    the demon Akvān, who was killed by Rostam in the Šāh-nāma.

  • ĀḴᵛOND

    Cross-Reference

    See ĀḴŪND.

  • AḴYĀR

    H. Algar

    “the chosen” (Persian, bargozīdagān), a category sometimes encountered in accounts given by Sufi writers of the unseen hierarchy known as reǰāl al-ḡayb (“men of the unseen”).

  • ĀL

    A. Šāmlū and J. R. Russell

    a folkloric being that personifies puerperal fever; the name apparently derives from Iranian āl “red.”

  • ĀL TAMḠĀ

    G. Doerfer

    “red seal,” Turkish term for the supreme seal of the Mongol Il-Khans of Iran.

  • ĀL-E ʿABĀ

    H. Algar

    “The Family of the Cloak,” i.e., the Prophet Moḥammad, his daughter Fāṭema, his cousin and son-in-law ʿAlī, and his grandsons Ḥasan and Ḥosayn.

  • ĀL-E AFRĀSĪĀB (1)

    C. E. Bosworth

    a minor Iranian Shiʿite dynasty of Māzandarān in the Caspian coastlands that flourished in the late medieval, pre-Safavid period.

  • ĀL-E AFRĪḠ

    C. E. Bosworth

    (Afrighid dynasty), the name given by the Khwarazmian scholar Abū Rayḥān Bīrūnī to the dynasty of rulers in his country, with the ancient title of Ḵᵛārazmšāh.

  • ĀL-E AḤMAD, JALĀL

    J. W. Clinton

    (1923-69), well-known writer and social critic.

  • ĀL-E ʿALĪ

    Cross-Reference

    See ʿALIDS.

  • ĀL-E BĀBĀN

    Cross-Reference

    See BĀBĀN.

  • ĀL-E BĀVAND

    W. Madelung

    (BAVANDIDS), a dynasty ruling Ṭabarestān (Māzandarān) from at least the 2nd/8th century until 750/1349. 

  • ĀL-E BORHĀN

    C. E. Bosworth

    the name of a family of spiritual and civic leaders in Bokhara during the 6th/12th and early 7th/13th centuries.

  • ĀL-E BŪ KORD

    P. Oberling

    a tribe of Ḵūzestān, of uncertain origin.

  • ĀL-E BŪYA

    Cross-Reference

    See BUYIDS.