Table of Contents

  • AFTARĪ

    G. L. Windfuhr

    the dialect of Aftar (population about 1,200), located at lat 35°39′ N, long 53°07′ E in the mountains one kilometer west of the Semnān-Fīrūzkūh road to Māzandarān. Historical phonology shows Aftarī as a Northwest (i.e. non-Perside) dialect of Iranian.

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  • AFTĪMŪN

    A. Parsa

    a medicinal herb.

  • ĀFURIŠN

    W. Sundermann

    “blessing, praise,” a technical, literary term for a category of Manichean hymns. 

  • AFUŠTAʾI NAṬANZI, MAḤMUD

    Kioumars Ghereghlou

    (d. after 1599), poet and historian of the Safavid period, author of the chronicle Noqāwat al-āṯār.

  • AFYŪN

    S. Shahnavaz

    "opium," its production and commerce in Iran.

  • AFŻAL AL-ḤOSAYNĪ

    P. P. Soucek

    painter active during the reign of Shah ʿAbbās II (1052-77/1642-66).

  • AFŻAL AL-TAWĀRIK

    Charles Melville

    title of a chronicle of the Safavid dynasty, composed by Fażli b. Zayn-al-ʿĀbedin b. Ḵᵛāja Ruḥ-Allāh Ḵuzāni Eṣfahāni.

  • AFŻAL BEG QĀQŠĀL

    W. Kirmani

    South Indian taḏkera writer.

  • AFŻAL KHAN

    W. E. Begley

    title of MOLLĀ ŠOKRALLĀH ŠĪRĀZĪ, Mughal court official (ca. 978-1048/1570-1639). 

  • AFŻAL KHAN ḴAṬAK

    J. Enevoldsen

    (b. 1075/1664-65), chief of the Ḵaṭak tribe, Pashto poet, and author ofTārīḵ-emoraṣṣaʿ.