Table of Contents

• ABU’L-QĀSEM NĀʾĪNĪ

  L. Richter-Bernburg

  Major representative (practitioner, instructor, author) of traditional medicine in late Qajar Persia (1245-1322/1829-30 to 1904-05).

• ABU’L-QĀSEM SAʿĪD

  D. Duda

  11th-century calligrapher.

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• ABU’L-QĀSEM SOLṬĀN

  M. H. Pathan

  Bēglār chief of Sind, b. at Nasarpur, Sind, in 969/1562.

• ABU’L-RAYḤĀN BĪRŪNĪ

  Cross-Reference

  Scholar and polymath of the period of the late Samanids and early Ghaznavids and one of the two greatest intellectual figures of his time in the eastern lands of the Muslim world (362/973-after 442/1050). See BĪRŪNĪ, ABU’L-RAYḤĀN.

• ABU’L-RAYYĀN EṢFAHĀNĪ

  C. Cahen

  Buyid vizier (10th century).

• ABU’L-ŠAYḴ EṢFAHĀNĪ

  Cross-Reference

  Traditionist and Koran commentator, important principally for his Ṭabaqāt al-moḥaddeṯī (274-369/887-979). See EṢFAHĀNĪ, ABU’L-ŠAYḴ.

• ABU’L-TAYYEB ṬABARĪ

  J. Wakin

  Jurisconsult, judge (qāżī), and professor of legal sciences; he was regarded by his contemporaries as one of the leading Shafeʿites of 5th/11th century Baghdad.

• ABU’L-ṬAYYEB ṬĀHER

  M. Forstner

  founder of the Taherid dynasty of Khorasan; born 139/775-76 in Pūšang (Būšang), died 207/822 in Marv.

• ABU’L-WAFĀ B. SAʿID

  D. Pingree

  Author in Persian (15th century).

• ABU’L-WAFĀ BŪZJĀNI

  D. Pingree

  Mathematician and astronomer (10th-11th century).