Table of Contents
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ʿABD-AL-JALĪL BELGRĀMĪ
M. Siddiqi
major 17th/18th century Indo-Muslim litterateur.
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ʿABD-AL-JALĪL RĀZĪ
W. Madelung
Emāmī Shiʿite scholar, preacher, and author, b. probably early in the 6th/12th century.
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ʿABD-AL-ḴĀLEQ ḠOJDOVĀNĪ
K. A. Nizami
teacher and distinguished Naqšbandī saint (d. 617/1220), who consolidated and transmitted the thought of the Naqšbandī order.
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ʿABD-AL-ḴĀN
P. Oberling
an Arab tribe of Ḵūzestān, it was originally affiliated with the Bani Lām tribal confederacy and resided in the region of ʿAmāra, in present-day Iraq.
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ʿABD-AL-KARĪM ʿALAVĪ
N. H. Zaidi
early 19th century Indo-Persian historian (d. ca. 1851).
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ʿABD-AL-KARĪM BOḴĀRĪ
M. Zand
Bukharan traveler and memorialist (d. after 1830-31).
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ʿABD-AL-KARĪM GAZĪ
H. Algar
a respected religious leader of Isfahan (1856-1921).
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ʿABD-AL-KARĪM KAŠMĪRĪ
S. Maqbul Ahmad
noted chronicler of Nāder Shah’s military campaigns (d. 1784).
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ʿABD-AL-KARĪM ḴᵛĀRAZMĪ
P. P. Soucek
specimens of calligraphy now in Leningrad and Istanbul are signed by him as written during his tenth, eleventh, and twelfth years, indicating that he was a skilled calligrapher at an early age. Unfortunately, none of these pages bear dates which would make it possible to determine the year of his birth.
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ʿABD-AL-LAṬĪF BHETĀʾĪ
M. Baqir
Sufi poet of Sind (1689-1752).
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ʿABD-AL-LAṬĪF MĪRZĀ
C. P. Haase
Timurid ruler in Samarqand from Ramażān, 853/October, 1449 to 26 Rabīʿ I 854/8 May 1450.
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ʿABD-AL-MAJĪD ṬĀLAQĀNĪ
P. P. Soucek
revered as the calligrapher who gave šekasta script its definitive form.
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ʿABD-AL-MALEK B. NŪḤ
C. E. Bosworth
the penultimate ruler of the Samanid dynasty in Khorasan and Transoxania, r. 389/999.
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ʿABD-AL-MALEK B. NŪḤ B. NAṢR
C. E. Bosworth
ruler of the Samanid dynasty in Transoxania and Khorasan, 343-350/954-61.
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ʿABD-AL-MALEK ŠĪRĀZĪ
D. Pingree
astronomer, fl. ca. 600/1203-04; there is a manuscript dated in that year of his revision of Helāl b. Abū Helāl and Ṯābet b. Qorra’s translation of the Conica of Appolonius.
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ʿABD-AL-MALEKĪ
P. Oberling
a Lek tribe of Māzandarān.
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ʿABD-AL-MOʾMEN B. ʿABDALLĀH
R. D. McChesney
generally reckoned as the eleventh khan of the Shaibanid (Abu’l-Ḵayrī) dynasty of Māvarāʾ al-Nahr and Balḵ.
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ʿABD-AL-MONʿEM ʿĀMELĪ
D. Pingree
10th/16th century astronomer.
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ʿABD-AL-NABĪ
K. A. Nizami
Mughal traditionist, for a time much esteemed by the emperor Akbar (16th century).
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ʿABD-AL-NABĪ AḤMADNAGARĪ
M. Baqir
12th/18th century Gujerati scholar.
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ʿABD-AL-NABĪ QAZVĪNĪ
M. Baqir
storyteller and poet in Mughal India (17th-century).
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER BALḴĪ
T. Yazici
(1839-1923), an Ottoman Sufi and poet who came originally from Balḵ.
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER ḤOSAYNĪ
M. Baqir
16th-century poet of Sind.
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER JĪLĀNĪ
B. Lawrence
noted Hanbalite preacher, Sufi shaikh and the eponymous founder of the Qāderī order.
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER KHAN
M. Aslam
Author of Avīmāq-e Moḡol (publ. 1900), better known as Mirzā Moḥammad Āḡā Jān.
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER KHAN JĀʾEŠĪ
M. Baqir
Late Mughal biographer (18th-19th century).
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER RŪYĀNĪ
D. Pingree
astronomer (16th century).
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ʿABD-AL-QĀDER ŠĪRĀZĪ
E. Baer
Metalworker of late 13th century, whose one attested signed work is a silver and gold-inlaid brass bowl (Galleria Estense, Modena, no. 8082).
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ʿABD-AL-QĀHER B. ṬĀHER
Cross-Reference
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ʿABD-AL-QĀHER JORJĀNĪ
K. Abu Deeb
celebrated grammarian, rhetorician, and literary theorist, born in Gorgān (date unknown), where he died in 471/1078.
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ʿABD-AL-QAYS
P. Oberling
an eastern Arabian tribe.
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ʿABD-AL-QODDŪS B. SOLṬĀN MOḤAMMAD
R. D. McChesney
called ŠAGASĪ, prominent Afghan military and political figure of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
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ʿABD-AL-QODDŪS GANGŌHĪ
B. B. Lawrence
Indo-Muslim saint and litterateur (d. 1537).
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ʿABD-AL-RĀFEʿ HERAVĪ
Żīā-al-dīn Sajjādī
poet, grammarian, and physician, first attached to the court of Ḵosrow Malek (555-82/1160-76), the last Ghaznavid sultan.
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ʿAJAMĪ
D. Pingree
astronomer (d. 1026/1617).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ʿANBARĪN-QALAM
M. A. Chaghatai
calligrapher of India (fl. late 10th-11th centuries).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM DEHLAVĪ
Fazlur Rahman
late Mughal scholar (d. 1726).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴĀN ḴĀNĀN
N. H. Zaidi
Mughal general and statesman (d. 1627).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴAYYĀṬ
W. Madelung
Muʿtazilite theologian of Baghdad (9th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤĪM ḴᵛĀRAZMĪ
P. P. Soucek
calligrapher and poet active in western Iran during the second half of the 9th/15th century.
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. ʿOMAR ṢŪFĪ
P. Kunitzsch
astronomer, especially well versed in knowledge of the fixed stars (10th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. SAMORA
M. G. Morony
Arab general who campaigned in Sīstān (d. 50/670).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN B. SOYŪNJ
R. D. MacChesney
an Uzbek amir in Balḵ (17th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN ČEŠTĪ
Hameed ud-Din
Mughal saint and biographer (17th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN KHAN
Cross-Reference
Emir or ruler of Afghanistan, and member of the Bārakzay tribe of the Dorrāni tribal confederation, who unified the kingdom after the second Anglo-Afghan war (r. 1297-1319/1880-1901). See AFGHANISTAN x. Political History, BĀRAKZI, and DORRĀNI.
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN KᵛĀRAZMĪ
P. P. Soucek
calligrapher specializing in nastaʿlīq, active during the middle decades of the 9th/15th century.
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SAMARQANDĪ
Y. Bregel
late 19th century secretary (mīrzā). A Tajik, he was a native of Samarqand.
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN SARAḴSĪ
I. Abbas
a Hanafite jurist (d. 1047).
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ʿABD-AL-RAḤMĀN ŠAYZARĪ
H. H. Biesterfeldt
Syrian author and contemporary of Saladin (d. 589/1193).
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ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD DAYLAMĪ
P. P. Soucek
calligrapher and poet who served the Mughal ruler Shah Jahān (1037-58/1628-58).
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ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD TATTAVĪ
W. M. Thackston
noted lexicographer attached to the court of the Mughal ruler Shah Jahān.
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ʿABD-AL-RAŠĪD, ABŪ MANṢŪR
C. E. Bosworth
Ghaznavid sultan, r. 441-44/1050-53.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ
D. Duda
Jahāngīr writes that sixteen miniatures are by Behzād, five by his teacher Mīrak, and one by ʿAbd-al-Razzāq. Earlier investigators did not succeed in establishing convincing attributions of the miniatures to these artists, as they were also puzzled by numerous apocryphal signatures and false identifications attached to the paintings.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ AWRANGĀBĀDĪ
Hameed ud-Din
Mughal official and biographer, chiefly famous as the author of Maʾāṯer al-omarāʾ (18th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ b. AḤMAD b. ḤASAN MEYMANDI
C. E. Bosworth
vizier to the Ghaznavid sultans Mawdud b. Masʿud and ʿAbd-al-Rašid b. Maḥmud, remaining in official service under the latter’s successor Farroḵzād b. Masʿud.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ BĀŠTĪNĪ
J. Aubin
First leader of the Sarbadār uprising of Bayhaq (14th-century). His career, like the entire history of the Sarbadārs, is related in a contradictory fashion by the Timurid period chroniclers. With appropriate details, he is pictured as violent and dissolute.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ BEG
J. R. Perry
(1176-1243/1762-63 to 1827-28), literary biographer, poet, and historian of the early Qajar period.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ LĀHĪJĪ
W. Madelung
Theologian and philosopher (and poet under the pen name FAYYĀŻ, 11th/17th century).
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ MAYMANDĪ
C. E. Bosworth
Ghaznavid vizier of the middle years of the 5th/11th century.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ NAYSABŪRĪ
E. Baer
Metalworker of the second half of the 6th/12th century.
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ʿABD-AL-RAZZĀQ SAMARQANDĪ
C. P. Haase
Historian and scholar (1413-82).
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ʿABD-AL-REŻĀ KHAN
M. Bayat
(d. 1249/1833), deputy-governor and powerful noble of Yazd.
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ʿABD-AL-REŻĀ KHAN EBRĀHĪMĪ
D. MacEoin
fifth head of the Kermānī branch of the Šayḵī school of Shiʿism.
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ʿABD-AL-ṢAMAD B. AFŻAL MOḤAMMAD
M. Baqir
Mughal editor and author (17th century)
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ʿABD-AL-ṢAMAD ḤAMADĀNĪ
M. Bayat
Faqīh, author, and well-known Sufi master of the Neʿmatallāhī order (d. 1216/1801).
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ʿABD-AL-ṢAMAD KHAN
S. Maqbul Ahmad
North Indian politician, administrator, and patron of the arts (17th-18th century).
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ʿABD-AL-ṢAMAD ŠĪRĀZĪ
P. P. Soucek
A painting recently in the art market bears an inscription stating it was painted by ʿAbd-al-Ṣamad during his 85th year, despite failing health, as a keepsake for his son (Moḥammad) Šarīf. Still active in 1008/1600, he appears to have died before the accession of Jahāngīr in 1014/1605.
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ʿABD-AL-SATTĀR LAHŪRĪ
A. Camps
author and translator in the reigns of Akbar and Jahāngīr.
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED (Potter)
O. Watson
A potter whose signature is found on a blue and black underglaze painted dish dated 971/1563.
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED (Author)
D. Pingree
8th/14th century author.
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED B. ZAYD
P. Nwyia
(d. 177/793), Sufi, the leading personality among the ascetics trained in the school of Ḥasan Baṣrī.
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED HAMADĀNĪ
T. Yazici
Son of a Naqšbandī shaikh, author (d. 1547).
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED JŪZJĀNĪ
D. Pingree
Pupil of Ebn Sīnā (980-1037).
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ʿABD-AL-VĀḤED MAŠHADĪ
F. Cağman and P. P. Soucek
The style of nastaʿlīq favored by ʿAbd-al-Vāḥed is closely connected with that used by Solṭān-ʿAlī Mašhadī and other calligraphers active in Iran during the 9th/15th century, a fact that suggests that he was indeed trained in Iran.
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ʿABD-AL-VAHHĀB BOHRĀ
P. Saran
chief judge (qāżī) in the reign of the Mughal emperor Awrangzēb.
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ʿABD-AL-VAHHĀB MAŠHADĪ
P. P. Soucek
a calligrapher of the 10th/16th century who lived most of his life in Mašhad.
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ʿABD-AL-VAHHĀB MOʿTAMAD-AL-DAWLA
H. Javadi
“NAŠĀṬ,” Qajar official and poet (1759-1829).
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ʿABD-AL-VAHHĀB SAČAL
A. Schimmel
Sindhi mystical poet (18th-early 19th century).
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ʿABD-AL-VĀSEʿ JABALĪ
Ẕ. Ṣafā
Persian poet, d. 555/1160.
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ABDADĀNA
M. Dandamayev
Region in western Media, mentioned in Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions and annals.
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ABDAGASES
C. J. Brunner
“great king” of the Pahlava dynasty in Drangiana, Arachosia, Gandhāra, and perhaps loosely over the Indus region.
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ʿABDAK AL-ṢŪFĪ
B. Reinert
an eccentric religious devotee of Kūfa, who also lived for periods at Baghdad, late 2nd/8th to early 3rd/9th centuries.
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ABDĀL
J. Chabbi
An Arabic technical term designating one of the categories of awlīāʾ (“friends of God,” Muslim saints).
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ABDĀL BEG
E. Glassen
one of the seven trusted Qezelbāš amirs (ahl-e eḵteṣāṣ) who, after the death of Solṭān ʿAlī (898/1493), accompanied the latter’s young brother and designated master of the Safavid order, Esmāʿīl, to Lāhīǰān, where he found refuge from the persecution of the Āq Qoyonlū rulers.
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ABDĀL ČEŠTĪ
M. Imam
described by Jāmī as the foremost among the shaikhs of Češt. He was born in 260/874.
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ABDĀL, QARA ŠEMSĪ
T. Yazici
(1244-1303/1828-86), a Turkish poet who also wrote poetry in Persian.
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ABDĀLĪ
C. M. Kieffer
ancient name of a large tribe, or more particularly of a group of Afghan tribes, better known by the name of Dorrānī since the reign of Aḥmad Šāh Dorrānī (1747-72).
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ʿABDALLĀH
L. Mackie
Name appearing on four diverse, high-quality silks of the first half of the 17th century.
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ʿABDALLĀH (2)
I. H. Siddiqi
Author of Tārīḵ-e Dāʾūdī, fl. early 17th century.
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ʿABDALLĀH ANṢĀRĪ
S. de Laugier de Beaureceuil
Outstanding commentator of the Koran, traditionist, polemicist, and spiritual master (5th/11th century).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. AḤMAD
Cross-Reference
See EBN AL-BAYṬĀR.
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ʿABDALLĀH B. ʿĀMER
J. Lassner
Arab general and governor active in Iran, b. in Mecca in 4/626.
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ʿABDALLĀH B. EBRĀHĪM
C. P. Haase
Timurid khan (k. 1451).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. ʿĪSĀ
L. Richter-Bernburg
Medical author (early 5th/11th century).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. ḴĀZEM
D. M. Dunlop
Arab military leader, governor of Khorasan (d. 691-92).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. MAYMŪN AL-QADDĀḤ
H. Halm
Legendary founder of the Qarmatian-Ismaʿili doctrine and alleged forefather of the Fatimid dynasty.
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ʿABDALLĀH B. MOʿĀVĪA
D. M. Dunlop
Rebel in western Iran in 744-47.
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ʿABDALLĀH B. MOBĀRAK
P. Nwyia
Traditionist (736-97).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. NAJĀŠĪ
ʿA. N. Monzavī
Shiʿite governor of Ahvāz under the caliph Manṣūr (8th century).
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ʿABDALLĀH B. ʿOMAR
ʿA. Ḥabībī
Author of an Arabic monograph on the city of Balḵ (d. after 610/1213).