Table of Contents

  • ABARSĒN

    C. J. Brunner

    Middle Persian form of the Avestan name Upāiri.saēna, designating the Hindu Kush mountains (Av. iškata; Mid. Pers. kōf, gar) of central and eastern Afghanistan.

  • ABASKŪN

    C. E. Bosworth

    (ĀBASKŪN), a port of the medieval period on the southwest shore of the Caspian Sea in Gorgān province.

  • ABBĀ ISAIAH

    N. Sims-Williams

    (i.e., “Father” Isaiah), late 4th century A.D., author of Christian ascetical texts; from these it appears that he was a hermit who lived in the desert of Scete in Egypt, of whom several anecdotes are told in the Apophthegmata patrum.

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  • ʿABBĀD B. SALMĀN

    W. Madelung

    (or SOLAYMĀN), Muʿtazilite theologian of the 3rd/9th century.

  • ʿABBĀS AḤVAL

    D. M. Dunlop

    Leader of an Arab invasion of the lower Euphrates region in which the Savād of Iraq was ravaged, in about A.D. 589, toward the end of the reign of Hormozd IV.

  • ʿABBĀS B. ʿALĪ B. ABŪ ṬĀLEB

    J. Calmard

    half brother of Imam Ḥosayn, who fought bravely at the battle of Karbalā. According to most traditions, he was killed on the day of ʿĀšurā (10 Moḥarram 61/10 October 680) while trying to bring back water from the Euphrates river to quench the unbearable thirst of the besieged Ahl-e Bayt (holy family).

  • ʿABBĀS B. ḤOSAYN

    C. Cahen

    Buyid vizier, d. 362/973.

  • ʿABBĀS B. REŻĀ-QOLĪ KHAN NŪRĪ

    P. P. Soucek

    calligrapher and civil servant, d. 1255/1839-40.

  • ʿABBĀS EFFENDI

    Cross-Reference

    the eldest son of Bahāʾallāh and founder of the Bahaʾi movement. See ʿABD-AL-BAHĀʾ.

  • ʿABBĀS I

    R. M. Savory

    Shah Abbas, Safavid king of Iran (996-1038/1588-1629). Styled "Shah ʿAbbās the Great," he was the third son and successor of Solṭān Moḥammad Shah.

  • ʿABBĀS II

    Rudi Matthee

    Safavid king of Iran (1052-77/1642-66).  The expedition to Kandahar, which had been lost to the Mughals under Shah Ṣafi I, counts as Shah ʿAbbās II’s main military venture.

  • ʿABBĀS III

    R. M. Savory

    son of Shah Ṭahmāsp II, roi fainéant of the Safavid dynasty (1732-40).

  • ʿABBĀS MĪRZĀ QAJAR

    H. Busse

    son of Fatḥ-ʿAlī Shah and father of the line of Qajar rulers from Moḥammad Shah on (1789-1833).

  • ʿABBĀS, ḤĀJĪ

    J. W. Allan

    Signature found on a number of pieces of metalwork from Iran.

  • ʿABBĀS-QOLĪ KHAN

    D. M. Lang

    persian viceroy in eastern Georgia (1099-1105/1688-94), under the Safavid shahs Solaymān and Solṭān Ḥosayn.

  • ʿABBĀS-QOLĪ MĪRZĀ QAJAR

    H. Busse

    a grandson of Fatḥ-ʿAlī Qajar (d. 1824 or 1825).

  • ʿABBĀSĀBĀD

    Kamran Ekbal

    The fortress built in 1810 by ʿAbbās Mīrzā on the northern bank of the Araxes river; it commanded the passage of the Araxes and was of special strategic importance for the defense of the Naḵjavān khanate.

  • ʿABBĀSĀBĀD Caravan Station

    W. Kleiss

    Flourishing caravan station of the Safavid period.

  • ʿABBĀSĪ

    P. Avery, B. G. Fragner, J. B. Simmons

    A name first applied to the principal gold and silver coins issued by the Safavid king ʿAbbās I (1581-1629); it continued in use until the beginning of the 20th century.

  • ʿABBĀSĪ GOJARĀTĪ

    Y. Richard

    Indian literary figure who wrote in Persian (d. 1048/1638).