DĀDGAR, ḤOSAYN

 

DĀDGAR, ḤOSAYN (b. Tehran ca. 1299/1881, d. 1349 Š./1970; Bāmdād, Rejāl VI, p. 93), ʿAdl-al-Molk, at various times president of the Persian Majles, cabi­net minister, and senator under the Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties. He was the son of a merchant and was educated in theology and jurisprudence, philosophy, history, and mathematics. In 1325/1907 he was em­ployed by the Ministry of justice (Wezārat-e dādgostarī) and became a judge. Ten years later he was appointed public prosecutor of Tehran; he was subsequently transferred to the Ministry of the interior (Wezārat-e ḏākela) and received the title ʿAdl-al-Molk (Ṣafāʾī, p. 616). In 1333/1914-15 he was chosen deputy from Bārforūš (later Bābol) to the Third Majles and became a member of the radical democratic faction (Sepehr, p. 103; see constitutional revolution iv-v). After the closing of the Third Majles he returned to work in the Ministry of the interior and in 1334/1916 he became deputy minister, serving in the cabinet of Woṯūq-al-Dawla (Eṭṭelāʿāt-e sālāna, p. 30).

In the cabinet of Sayyed Żīāʾ-al-Dīn Ṭabāṭabāʾī, which was formed after the coup d’etat of 1299/1921, he became the acting minister of the interior and deputy to the prime minister. After the removal of Sayyed Żīāʾ-al-Dīn, ʿAdl-al-Molk was arrested and exiled to Kermān. On his way there he took refuge in the sanctuary at Qom, where he remained for nearly a year, until he was pardoned by Reżā Khan Sardār-e Sepah (later Reżā Shah), then minister of war, and returned to Tehran. He was chosen to represent Bābol in the Fourth Majles, but in 1301 Š./1922 his credentials were rejected because of his previous cooperation with Sayyed Żīāʾ-al-Dīn (Makkī, I, p. 448). Nevertheless, in 1302 Š./1923 he was appointed deputy from the cabinet of Ḥasan Pīrnīā to the Ministry of public services, utilities and commerce (Wezārat-e fawāʾed-e ʿāmma wa felāḥat wa tejārāt; Eṭṭelāʿāt-e sālāna, p. 36), and in the same year he served as assistant to the prime minister in the cabinet of Reżā Khan. He was elected to the Fifth Majles and was one of those active in removing the Qajars and establishing the Pahlavi dynasty. After the Constitutional assembly (Majles-e moʾassesān) was formed in 1304 Š./1925, in order to transfer the monarchy to Reżā Shah, he became vice­-president of the assembly (Makkī, III, p. 503).

In the cabinet of Moḥammad-ʿAlī Forūgī, the first cabinet under the Pahlavi dynasty, ʿAdl-al-Molk be­came minister of the interior, remaining in that post until May 1926 (Sāl-nāma-ye pārs, p. 6). He repre­sented Bābol from the Sixth Majles through the Ninth, serving as president of the Seventh, the Eighth, and Ninth. He was elected to the Tenth Majles from Tehran, but as a result of differences with General Moḥammad-Ḥosayn Āyrom, chief of police, he became the object of the shah’s suspicions (Eṭṭelāʿāt dar yak robʿ-e qarn, p. 137). His credentials were once again rejected, and he was exiled to Europe. In 1326 Š./1947 he returned to Persia and served as senator from Māzandarān in the first three sessions of the newly established Senate (Ṣafāʾī, p. 631).

 

Bibliography:

Eṭṭelāʿāt dar yak robʿ-e qarn, Tehran, 1329 Š./1950.

Eṭṭelāʿāt-e sālāna, 1341 Š./1962, pp. 30-36.

Ḥ. Makkī, Tārīḵ-ebīst sāla, I, 3rd ed., Tehran, 1367 Š./1988, p. 448; III, 2nd ed., 1357 Š./1978, p. 503.

E. Ṣafāʾī, Rahbarān-e mašrūṭa II, Tehran, 1345 Š./1957, pp. 603-11.

Sāl-nama-ye donyā 13, 1337 Š./1958, pp. 41-46.

Sāl-nāma-ye pārs, 1306, Tehran, 1315 Š./1936.

A.-ʿA. Sepehr, Īrān dar jang-e bozorg, Tehran, 1336 Š./1957.

(Bāqer ʿĀqelī)

Originally Published: December 15, 1993

Last Updated: November 10, 2011

This article is available in print.
Vol. VI, Fasc. 5, pp. 555-556