CLASS SYSTEM (ṭabaqāt-e ejtemāʿī), a generic term referring to various types of social group, including castes, estates, status groups, and occupational categories.

i. In the Avesta.

ii. In the Median and Achaemenid periods.

iii. In the Parthian and Sasanian periods.

iv. Classes in medieval Islamic Persia.

v. Classes in the Qajar period.

vi. Classes in the Pahlavi period.